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Contributions of Ancient Civilizations
Social Studies, Grade 3
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Study Guide Contributions of Ancient Civilizations Social Studies, Grade 3
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CONTRIBUTIONS
OF
ANCIENT
CIVILIZATIONS
What
are
some
contributions
of
Ancient
Civilizations?
Mesopotamia
-
In
the
Middle
East,
the
land
between
the
Tigris
and
Euphrates
Rivers
is
the
earliest
known
civilization.
•
The
cities
of
Sumeria
and
Babylon
were
here.
•
Farmers
used
irrigation
to
water
crops
and
animals.
•
They
baked
bricks
of
clay.
•
They
developed
a
form
of
writing
using
a
sharpened
reed
to
inscribe
pictures
on
clay
tablets.
•
Their
laws
were
preserved
on
clay
tablets.
•
They
carved
the
first
maps
with
Babylon
as
the
center
of
the
world.
•
They
made
the
first
vehicles
with
wooden
wheels,
the
first
iron
sword
and
helmets.
Egypt
-
About
5000
BC,
Egypt
was
ruled
by
pharaohs
who
had
the
Pyramids
built
for
their
tombs.
•
Egyptians
invented
a
system
of
writing
called
hieroglyphics.
They
made
ink
and
pens.
They
wrote
on
a
type
of
paper
called
papyrus.
•
They
invented
a
calendar
based
on
the
seasons
with
12
months
of
30
days.
•
They
used
splints
and
casts
to
set
broken
bones.
•
They
made
the
first
sailboats.
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purchaser
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print
copies
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Greece
-
Between
800
and
400
BC,
city
states
such
as
Athens
and
Sparta
shared
the
same
culture.
•
The
Hippocratic
Oath
gave
special
rules
for
physicians
and
is
still
in
use
today.
•
Citizens
of
Athens
took
part
in
a
direct
democracy
where
government
is
run
by
the
citizens.
Every
year
500
men
were
chosen
by
drawing
names.
•
Our
word
for
school
comes
from
the
Greek
word
schole.
Athens
was
the
first
to
open
organized
schools.
The
first
encyclopedias
were
written
to
help
students
get
a
good
education.
•
Our
word
for
alphabet
comes
from
alpha
and
beta
the
first
two
letters
of
the
Greek
alphabet.
The
Greeks
added
the
vowels,
a,
e,
i,
o,
u
to
make
the
alphabet
more
useful.
•
Our
word
gymnasium
comes
from
gymnasia,
which
was
a
place
for
sports
and
learning.
•
Greek
literature
was
first
to
put
on
plays
about
drama,
comedy,
poetry
and
history
in
theatres.
•
Greek
architecture
has
influenced
many
government
buildings
in
the
U.S.
•
The
Greeks
were
the
first
to
draw
large
land
maps
and
maps
of
the
stars.
•
They
started
the
Olympic
Games
and
a
race
called
the
marathon.
Rome
-
100
B.C.
Romans
developed
use
of
concrete
which
could
be
poured
into
any
shape.
They
developed
the
first
paved
roads.
•
Romans
borrowed
the
Greek
alphabet
and
passed
it
on
to
us.
•
They
preserved
and
protected
the
literature
and
science
of
Greece.
•
The
early
government
of
Rome
was
a
republic.
This
is
the
model
for
our
U.S.
Constitution.
•
They
opened
the
first
public
schools
paid
for
by
the
government.
•
Romans
were
the
first
to
celebrate
Christmas
and
Easter.
•
Roman
numerals
(I,
V,
X,
L,
C,
D,
M)
•
Romans
invented
pants,
socks,
umbrellas.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
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granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
•
Our
word
people
comes
from
the
Latin
word
populus
•
Our
word
rural
comes
from
ruralis
which
means
open
land.
China
-
invented
locks
which
raised
and
lowered
water
levels
in
canals.
•
They
designed
the
first
magnetic
compass.
Try
this!
Look
on
a
globe
and
find
the
locations
of
each
of
these
early
civilizations.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
is
granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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