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Work and machines
Science, Grade 3
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Study Guide Work and machines Science, Grade 3
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3
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WORK
AND
MACHINES
Work
is
when
you
use
force
upon
an
object
causing
the
object
to
move.
The
amount
of
work
you
do
has
to
do
with
how
much
force
you
need
to
use
and
how
far
you
move
an
object.
You
would
do
more
work
lifting
a
heavy
desk
than
you
would
lifting
a
pencil.
If
you
do
not
move
an
object,
no
matter
how
hard
you
push
or
pull,
NO
work
is
being
done.
Which
means,
in
order
for
work
to
be
done,
an
object
needs
to
move.
Simple
machines
make
doing
work
easier
but
they
never
decrease
the
amount
of
work
that
needs
to
be
done.
There
are
many
different
kinds
of
simple
machines.
An
inclined
plane
is
a
simple
machine
that
connects
a
higher
area
to
a
lower
area.
An
inclined
plane
allows
you
to
move
an
object
up
or
down
by
rolling
or
sliding
it
without
lifting
the
object
directly.
A
ramp
is
an
example
of
an
inclined
plane.
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purchaser
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educational
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A
wedge
is
a
simple
machine
made
of
wood
or
metal
that
has
a
pointed
edge
and
two
slanted
sides.
A
wedge
is
actually
two
inclined
planes
put
together.
A
wedge
is
often
used
to
split
wood,
to
cut
things,
or
to
hold
things
together.
Lesson
checkpoint:
Where
have
you
seen
a
wedge
used
before?
A
screw
is
an
inclined
plane
that
is
wrapped
around
a
nail.
Screws
are
mainly
used
to
fasten
things
together
tightly.
A
lever
is
a
simple
machine
that
is
a
stiff
bar,
which
rests
and
moves
on
a
fixed
point.
You
can
push
down
on
one
side
to
raise
an
object
on
the
other
side.
See
saw
is
an
example
of
a
lever.
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purchaser
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educational
purposes
only.
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at
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A
wheel
and
axle
is
a
simple
machine
made
up
of
a
pole
and
a
wheel
that
revolves,
or
turns,
around
on
the
pole
to
move
something.
A
door
knob
is
an
example
of
a
wheel
and
axle,
where
the
knob
moves
the
lock
so
you
can
open
the
door.
Lesson
checkpoint:
What
is
an
example
of
a
wheel
and
axle?
A
pulley
is
another
simple
machine
that
helps
lift
heavy
loads.
In
a
pulley,
you
pull
a
rope
that
runs
around
a
wheel
with
a
grooved
rim;
the
object
you
want
to
lift
is
at
the
other
end
of
the
rope.
When
you
use
a
pulley
you
can
use
your
own
body
weight
to
help
raise
an
object
by
pulling
the
object
up
with
the
rope.
There
are
two
kinds
of
pulleys.
A
fixed
pulley
is
attached
to
the
load
and
moves
with
the
load
as
the
rope
is
pulled.
A
moveable
pulley
is
attached
to
a
non-moving
structure
above
the
load.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
is
granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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