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Sound and light energy
Science, Grade 5
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Study Guide Sound and light energy Science, Grade 5
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SOUND
AND
LIGHT
ENERGY
What
Is
Sound?
Sound
is
a
type
of
energy
that
travels
in
waves
which
are
caused
by
vibrations.
How
Does
Sound
Travel?
Sound
needs
something
in
which
to
travel.
Sound
can
travel
through
solids,
liquids,
and
gases.
Sound
travels
through
solids
the
fastest.
Characteristics
of
Sound
•
Vibrations:
movements
made
rapidly
back
and
forth.
•
Sound
Waves:
an
invisible
transfer
of
sound
energy
as
it
travels
away
from
the
energy
source.
•
Wavelength:
the
distance
between
a
point
on
one
sound
wave
and
a
similar
point
on
another
sound
wave.
•
Pitch
and
Loudness:
the
highness
or
lowness
of
a
sound.
•
Frequency:
The
number
of
vibrations
in
a
period
of
time
is
called
the
frequency
of
a
vibration.
The
faster
the
vibration,
the
higher
the
frequency.
Frequency
is
measured
in
Hertz
(Hz).
•
Volume:
The
loudness
or
quietness
of
a
sound
is
its
volume.
The
loudness
of
a
sound
can
be
measured
in
units
called
decibels.
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Measurement
Examples
of
Various
Sounds
•
a
whisper
=
10
decibels
•
normal
conversation
=
60
decibels
•
a
train
=
100
decibels
•
rock
concert
=
110-140
decibels
•
Reflection
and
Absorption:
Reflection
is
when
sound
bounces
off
an
object.
An
echo
is
a
reflected
sound.
Absorption
is
when
sound
is
taken
in
by
an
object.
What
is
Light?
Light
is
a
form
of
energy
that
travels
in
waves.
Reflection,
Absorption,
and
Refraction
•
Reflection
occurs
when
light
rays
bounce
off
a
surface
back
to
your
eyes,
such
as
when
you
see
your
reflection
in
a
mirror.
•
Absorption
is
when
an
object
takes
in
a
light
wave.
•
Refraction
is
when
light
bends
moving
from
one
medium
to
another.
Light
and
Color
We
can
only
see
only
the
wavelengths
and
frequencies
of
the
colors
in
the
visible
spectrum
which
include
red,
orange,
yellow,
green,
blue,
and
violet.
On
the
visible
spectrum,
as
you
move
from
the
colors
on
the
right
to
the
colors
on
the
left,
wavelength
decreases
and
frequency
increases.
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Invisible
Waves
Most
waves
in
the
electromagnetic
spectrum
are
invisible
to
our
eyes.
Xrays
and
waves
in
your
microwave
that
cook
your
food
are
examples
of
electromagnetic
waves.
What
is
a
concave
lens?
A
concave
lens
is
thinner
in
the
middle
than
on
its
edges.
We
use
a
concave
lens
to
make
things
look
smaller.
What
is
a
convex
lens?
A
convex
lens
is
thicker
in
the
middle
than
on
its
edges.
We
use
a
convex
lens
to
make
things
look
larger.
A
magnifying
glass
contains
a
convex
lens.
Transparent,
Translucent
and
Opaque
Materials
A
transparent
material
allows
light
to
pass
through
clearly
without
any
effects,
such
as
a
window.
A
translucent
material
allows
light
to
pass
through
it,
but
it
is
not
clear.
Wax
paper
is
translucent.
An
opaque
material
does
not
allow
any
light
to
pass
through
at
all,
such
as
a
brick
wall.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
is
granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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