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Plant Responses and Adaptations
Science, Grade 5
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Study Guide Plant Responses and Adaptations Science, Grade 5
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PLANT
RESPONSES
AND
ADAPTATIONS
How
Plants
Survive
A
plant
can
respond
to
the
conditions
of
its
environment.
A
plant
can
change
its
position
and
grow
in
a
certain
direction
or
manner
to
meet
its
survival
needs
and
adapt
to
a
varying
environment.
Plants
adjust
their
growth
to
take
in
sunlight,
water,
and
nutrients.
Tropism
is
the
turning
or
bending
of
an
organism
or
a
part
toward
or
away
from
an
external
stimulus,
such
as
light,
heat,
or
gravity.
•
Phototropism
is
the
reaction
of
a
plant
towards
light.
A
plant
needs
sunlight
in
order
to
take
in
the
sun’s
energy
and
make
food
from
that
energy.
A
plant
will
move
and
bend
towards
sunlight
so
that
the
plant
can
take
in
as
much
sunlight
as
possible.
•
Gravitropism
is
the
growth
of
a
plant
in
response
to
gravity.
Gravitropism
helps
a
plant
get
what
it
needs
to
survive
by
causing
roots
to
grow
DOWNWARD
into
the
soil.
As
roots
grow
downward,
they
take
in
water
and
nutrients
from
the
soil,
which
are
essential
to
the
plant’s
survival.
•
Thigmotropism
is
a
plant’s
movement
and
growth
in
response
to
touch
or
contact
with
an
object.
A
plant
may
grow
around
an
object,
such
as
when
a
stem
winds
around
a
post
or
tree
for
support
and
stability.
Or
a
plant’s
roots
will
grow
away
from
a
rock
or
hard
soil.
Below
is
an
example
of
thigmotropism:
Growth
hormones
are
plant
chemicals
that
affect
the
growth
of
a
plant.
Growth
hormones
cause
more
plant
cells
to
grow
or
cause
plant
cells
to
grow
larger.
The
plant
makes
its
own
growth
hormones.
That
plant
is
TALL…
The
plant
could
be
tall
because
its
growth
hormones
made
it
tall
or
because
it
was
trying
to
reach
the
sunlight.
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purchaser
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Adapting
to
the
Environment
Plants
have
many
adaptations,
which
are
features
that
help
an
organism
survive
in
a
particular
environment.
A
plant’s
features
come
from
its
DNA.
Earth
is
covered
with
thousands
of
types
of
plants
that
live
in
many
different
environments.
Plants
live
in
warm,
hot,
cool,
cold,
wet,
dry,
light
and
dark
environments.
All
plants
have
adaptations
that
help
them
to
survive
where
they
live!
Here
are
some
examples
of
challenging
environments
and
how
certain
plants
adapted:
•
Hot
and
Dry
Some
plants
that
live
in
the
desert
(like
a
cactus)
store
water
in
their
stems
and/or
leaves.
These
types
of
plants
are
called
succulents.
Many
plants
that
live
in
the
desert
have
extremely
long
roots
in
order
to
absorb
water
deep
within
the
soil.
Desert
plants
have
waxy
coating
on
its
stems
and
leaves
in
order
to
help
reduce
water
loss.
Many
desert
plants
also
have
hair
on
their
leaves,
which
helps
shade
the
plant,
which
reduced
the
loss
of
water
from
the
plant.
•
Shady
Areas
Some
plants
that
live
in
forest
(therefore
shady)
regions
climb
and
grow
on
other
plants
in
order
to
reach
the
sunlight.
Epiphytes
such
as
mosses
and
ferns
grow
on
top
of
other
plants
to
reach
sunlight.
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purchaser
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•
Colder
Regions
Evergreen
trees
often
grow
in
cooler
regions.
Evergreens
do
not
lose
their
leaves
which
is
beneficial
in
those
cooler
areas.
Many
plants
in
cooler
regions
have
hair
on
their
stems
and
leaves
in
order
to
trap
on
heat.
•
Areas
Prone
to
Fire
In
Grassland
regions,
wild
fires
often
occur.
During
a
fire,
the
top
part
of
the
tall
grasses
burn
and
die
but
the
roots
of
the
tall
grasses
survive
and
new
grass
eventually
grows
again.
•
In
Water
Even
water
plants
have
adaptations!
Plants
that
live
in
the
water
have
underwater
leaves
and
stems
that
are
flexible
and
move
with
the
water
currents
instead
of
breaking
when
the
currents
get
strong.
If
you
looked
under
a
water
lily
on
a
pond,
you
would
see
the
long
strands
of
roots
in
the
water.
•
Areas
that
are
Mostly
Light
or
Mostly
Dark
Long-day
plants
are
plants
that
require
a
long
period
of
time
exposed
to
sunlight
in
order
to
produce
flowers.
Short-day
plants
are
plants
that
flower
only
if
they
are
exposed
to
daylight
12
hours
or
less.
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purchaser
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print
copies
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non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
Competition
among
Plants
Plants
compete
for
certain
resources
when
those
resources
are
limited.
Plants
compete
for
sunlight
for
photosynthesis
to
make
food
–
which
means
they
need
to
compete
for
space
to
grow
above
ground
to
reach
the
sunlight.
Plants
also
compete
for
water
and
minerals
from
the
soil
that
they
need
to
survive
–
which
means
they
compete
for
space
for
their
roots
to
grow
to
reach
the
water
and
minerals
in
the
soil.
A
plant’s
location
in
relation
to
other
plants
is
extremely
important.
If
they
are
too
close
to
other
plants,
then
many
plants
will
be
competing
for
the
same
resources!
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
is
granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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