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Plant Processes
Science, Grade 6
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Study Guide Plant Processes Science, Grade 6
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PLANT
PROCESSES
Photosynthesis
In
order
for
an
organism
to
be
alive,
it
needs
energy.
The
energy
is
needed
to
complete
certain
functions
that
keep
it
alive.
The
meals
that
we
eat
daily
supply
us
with
energy
for
our
cells,
and
it
takes
energy
to
create
those
meals.
Organisms
like
plants
and
algae
obtain
energy
in
another
way.
They
use
light
from
the
sun
to
produce
energy
in
a
process
known
as
photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis
is
a
process
powered
by
sunlight
that
uses
carbon
dioxide
and
water
to
produce
oxygen
and
food.
The
photosynthesis
process
is
very
complex.
There
are
two
stages
of
photosynthesis:
catching
light
from
the
sun
and
using
the
energy
to
produce
sugars.
First
Stage
of
Photosynthesis:
The
process
begins
in
the
leaves
or
other
green
parts
of
a
plant.
Energy
is
caught
by
a
structure
within
a
plant
cell
called
the
chloroplast.
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It
is
the
chloroplasts
that
give
plants
their
famous
green
color.
This
color
comes
from
the
pigment,
chemicals
that
absorb
light,
inside
of
the
chloroplast.
The
pigment
within
the
chloroplast
is
called
chlorophyll.
A
chloroplast
may
also
contain
yellow
and
orange
pigment,
but
they
are
usually
hidden
by
the
green
color
of
chlorophyll.
These
other
colors
can
be
seen
in
the
fall
season.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
part
of
the
plant
gives
it
the
green
color
and
also
aids
in
photosynthesis?
Second
Stage
of
Photosynthesis:
The
energy
that
is
caught
by
the
chloroplasts
is
then
used
to
power
the
second
stage
of
photosynthesis.
In
this
stage,
energy
is
used
by
the
cell
to
produce
sugars.
Water
(H2O)
and
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
are
materials
needed
to
begin
the
second
stage.
Water
is
brought
in
through
the
roots
and
transported
up
to
the
leaves.
Carbon
dioxide
is
brought
in
by
the
stomata,
the
openings
that
control
when
gases
come
into
and
are
let
out
of
the
leaf.
<image
similar
to
the
one
found
at:
http://www.vcbio.science.ru.nl/public/Final-
Images/PL_Thumb_jpg/PL_Thumbs251-300/PL0275_Thumb.jpg>
The
two
materials
enter
the
chloroplast
once
they
enter
the
cell.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
How
do
the
stomata
and
roots
assist
during
photosynthesis?
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The
Chemistry
of
Photosynthesis:
The
process
requires
six
molecules
of
water
(H2O)
and
six
molecules
of
carbon
dioxide
(CO2).
These
molecules
undergo
chemical
changes
and
oxygen
(O2)
and
sugars
like
glucose
(C6H12O6)
are
produced.
The
oxygen
is
let
go
through
the
stomata
and
the
sugars
are
used
to
power
cell
functions.
The
process
of
photosynthesis
can
be
shown
in
a
chemical
equation.
Sources
of
Energy
All
of
the
organisms
on
our
Earth
receive
their
energy
from
one
source.
We
use
it
everyday
and
without
it
we
would
not
be
here.
All
energy
comes
from
the
sun.
It
starts
by
being
turned
into
sugar
and
oxygen
in
photosynthesis.
Then,
other
organisms
eat
the
plants
to
gain
energy.
Lastly,
other
organisms
gain
energy
from
feeding
on
the
organisms
that
originally
ate
the
plants.
We
will
learn
more
about
food
chains
and
food
webs
in
Topic
25.
Plant
Responses:
Tropism
When
you
think
of
a
plant
you
probably
think
of
a
living
organism
that
is
autotrophic
and
does
not
move
around
unless
the
wind
or
other
weather
causes
its
movement.
Plants
actually
do
respond
to
their
environment
in
something
known
as
a
tropism.
Tropism
is
a
plant’s
growth
response
to
a
particular
stimulus.
Have
you
ever
experimented
with
a
plant
by
having
it
contained
in
a
box
that
does
not
allow
sunlight
except
for
a
small
hole
on
one
side
of
the
box.
You
will
have
noticed
that
the
plant
grows
towards
that
hole
in
order
to
receive
more
sunlight.
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This
is
an
example
of
a
tropism.
There
are
three
important
types
of
stimuli
that
plants
will
respond
to.
They
are
gravity,
touch,
and
light.
Gravity:
A
plants
responds
to
gravity
by
growing
the
roots
down
into
the
ground
or
the
stems
into
the
sky.
Touch:
A
Venus
fly
trap
will
spring
closed
if
an
insect
triggers
a
small
hair
that
detects
sensitive
movements.
Light:
The
next
time
that
you
are
near
a
sunflower
notice
where
the
face
of
the
sunflower
is
facing.
The
sunflower
will
always
face
towards
the
sun
during
the
daylight
hours.
Plant
Hormones
These
tropisms
are
caused
by
the
production
of
hormones
within
the
plant.
Hormones
are
chemicals
that
have
an
affect
on
the
growth
and
responses
of
an
organism.
The
hormones
that
are
produced
inside
of
plants
control
many
different
functions,
including
growth
of
roots,
leaves,
stems,
seeds,
fruit
and
the
shedding
of
leaves.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
is
granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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