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Mixtures, solutions and compounds
Science, Grade 6
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Study Guide Mixtures, solutions and compounds Science, Grade 6
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MIXTURES,
SOLUTIONS
AND
COMPOUNDS
Mixtures,
unlike
compounds,
are
the
physical
combination
of
different
substances.
Solutions
are
a
type
of
mixture
with
at
least
one
solute
and
a
solvent.
In
a
solution,
finely
dissolved
particles
of
a
solute
are
dissolved
by
the
solvent.
Typically,
the
solvent
is
a
liquid
but
in
some
cases,
such
as
brass,
the
solvent
can
be
a
solid.
Brass
is
a
mixture
of
zinc
and
copper.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
are
the
two
components
of
a
solution?
Colloids
are
a
type
of
mixture
where
particles
that
have
not
dissolved
are
too
small
to
be
seen
but
large
enough
to
be
filtered
and
to
scatter
light.
A
good
example
of
this
would
be
milk.
In
a
suspension,
like
pepper
and
water,
the
particles
are
large
enough
to
be
seen.
Ultimately,
if
a
suspension
is
not
continuously
mixed,
the
particles
settle
out.
In
a
solution
such
as
salt
water,
the
particles
of
solute
move
away
from
each
other
and
become
surrounded
by
solvent.
The
particles
of
solute
break
away
from
each
other
to
the
extent
that
they
can
no
longer
be
seen.
We
know
that
there
is
salt
in
ocean
water
but
we
can’t
see
it.
If
this
water
was
boiled,
the
water
would
evaporate
and
the
salt
particles
would
gather
again
to
be
seen.
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The
dissolved
particles
of
a
solution
tend
to
lower
the
freezing
point
of
a
solvent
and
to
raise
its
boiling
point.
When
salt
is
put
on
wintry
roads,
it
makes
it
tougher
for
the
water
to
freeze.
This
is
because
the
salt
particles
interfere
with
the
water
molecules
as
they
try
to
organize
into
ice.
In
the
case
of
boiling,
water
molecules
try
to
escape
from
the
solution
but,
once
again,
the
salt
particles
interfere
with
the
motion
of
these
water
molecules.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
How
do
dissolved
particles
of
a
solute
affect
the
solution’s
boiling
and
freezing
points?
Some
solutions
are
considered
to
be
concentrated
while
others
are
considered
to
be
dilute.
The
concentration
of
a
solution
is
the
amount
of
solute
in
a
given
amount
of
solvent.
If
the
amount
of
solvent
is
kept
the
same,
adding
more
solute
makes
the
solution
more
concentrated.
A
concentrated
solution
has
a
lot
of
solute
in
it
whereas
a
dilute
solution
has
much
less.
The
way
to
dilute
a
concentrated
solution
would
be
to
add
more
solvent.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
the
difference
between
a
concentrated
and
a
dilute
solution?
The
tendency
for
a
solute
to
dissolve
is
referred
to
as
its
solubility.
If
a
solute
dissolves
easily
it
is
said
to
be
quite
soluble.
On
the
other
hand,
if
it
doesn’t
dissolve
at
all
it
is
said
to
be
insoluble.
Several
factors
affect
solubility.
These
include
temperature,
pressure
and
the
nature
of
the
solvent.
Most
people
know
that
one
of
the
best
ways
to
get
a
solute
dissolved
in
water
is
to
heat
it.
This
speeds
up
the
break
up
of
the
solute
molecules.
Pressure
affects
the
solubility
of
gases
in
liquids.
When
a
bottle
of
soda
is
first
opened,
the
reduction
of
pressure
sometimes
allows
the
gas
to
escape
and
create
quite
a
mess.
Finally,
we
know
that
certain
solvents
can’t
dissolve
particular
solutes.
While
gasoline
will
take
certain
kinds
of
paint
off
of
a
surface,
water
can’t.
Oppositely,
some
kinds
of
paint
require
water
to
remove
them,
not
gasoline.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
is
granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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