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Introduction to animals
Science, Grade 4
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Study Guide Introduction to animals Science, Grade 4
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4
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INTRODUCTION
TO
ANIMALS
Animals
on
Earth
Animals
have
particular
body
parts
and
structures
to
help
them
survive
in
their
Earth
environment.
For
instance,
animals
have
certain
body
parts
such
as
legs
or
wings
that
help
them
move,
and
mouths
or
trunks
or
beaks
that
help
them
drink
water.
Animals
use
their
body
parts
to
get
what
they
need
to
survive
from
their
environment,
such
as
water,
food,
shelter,
and
oxygen.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
are
two
things
animals
need
to
survive?
Classifications
of
Animals
Scientists
classify
animals
into
two
major
groups:
vertebrates
and
invertebrates.
Vertebrates
are
animals
that
have
a
backbone.
Vertebrates
include
fish,
birds,
reptiles,
amphibians,
and
mammals.
Animals
that
do
not
have
a
backbone
are
called
invertebrates.
Over
97%
of
the
animals
on
Earth
are
invertebrates.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
are
invertebrates?
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Symmetry
Organisms
in
the
animal
kingdom
with
symmetry
exhibit
either
radial
or
bilateral
symmetry.
Radial
symmetry
is
when
two
or
more
lines
can
be
drawn
on
the
animal
and
each
divides
it
into
equal
parts.
Bilateral
symmetry
produces
a
mirror
image
if
one
line
is
drawn
through
it
at
one
certain
place
only.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
bilateral
symmetry?
Adaptations
Animals
use
certain
adaptations
in
order
to
survive
in
their
environments.
An
animal
adaptation
is
a
trait
that
helps
organisms
to
survive.
Adaptations
may
include
certain
body
parts,
behaviors,
sense
of
eyesight,
being
poisonous,
or
even
having
a
terrible
odor
like
a
skunk.
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educational
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Body
adaptations
are
called
physical
adaptations.
An
animal
uses
camouflage
to
protect
itself
from
prey.
Camouflage
means
having
the
appearance
of
one’s
surroundings,
which
makes
it
difficult
to
see
the
camouflaged
animal.
Some
animals
use
mimicry
as
a
form
of
defense.
Mimicry
is
when
a
weaker
animal
purposely
looks
like
a
stronger
animal.
An
example
of
an
animal
using
mimicry
as
a
defense
against
predators
is
the
viceroy
butterfly.
Monarch
butterfly
bodies
contain
a
poison.
The
viceroy
butterfly
is
not
poisonous,
but
looks
similar
to
the
monarch,
so
its
predators
might
not
realize
it
is
not
the
poisonous
Monarch
and
thus
avoid
it.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
Why
might
an
animal
use
mimicry
as
a
defense
against
predators?
Behaviors
Inherited
behaviors
are
not
learned
behaviors.
They
are
instincts
that
animals
are
born
knowing
to
do.
An
inherited
behavior
is
done
already
on
instinct
by
the
offspring.
A
spider
knowing
how
to
spin
a
web
when
it
is
born
is
an
example
of
a
inherited
behavior.
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Learned
behaviors,
however,
are
traits
that
are
not
inherited
or
done
by
instinct.
Learned
behaviors
are
behaviors
that
are
learned
by
animals
watching
other
animals,
such
as
their
parents.
An
example
of
a
learned
behavior
is
a
lion
cub
learning
how
to
hunt
from
its
parent.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
the
difference
between
a
learned
behavior
and
an
inherited
behavior?
Seasonal
Behaviors
Migration
is
the
movement
of
animals
during
a
particular
season
or
time
period
in
response
to
climate
changes
or
food
availability.
Migration
usually
involves
an
animal
leaving
and
then
coming
back
to
the
same
area
again.
Hibernation
is
an
animal’s
state
of
inactivity
when
weather
gets
cold.
Most
animals
will
eat
large
amounts
of
food
before
hibernating
in
order
to
nourish
their
bodies
during
the
winter.
True
hibernators
remain
totally
inactive
for
a
long
period
of
time,
they
sleep
deeply
so
they
can’t
be
awakened,
and
their
body
temperature
drops
incredibly
low.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
migration?
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
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granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
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