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Heat and heat technology
Science, Grade 6
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Study Guide Heat and heat technology Science, Grade 6
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HEAT
AND
HEAT
TECHNOLOGY
Thermal
Energy
All
matter
is
made
up
of
particles
that
vibrate
with
kinetic
energy.
This
movement
of
particles
occurs
even
when
the
temperature
goes
well
below
zero.
When
we
use
the
term
temperature,
we
are
referring
to
the
amount
of
thermal
energy
that
a
substance
has.
Thermal
energy
is
the
sum
of
the
energy
of
the
moving
particles
and
the
potential
energy
of
the
resting
particles.
Temperature
is
usually
measured
on
the
Celsius
or
Centigrade
scale.
On
this
scale,
the
freezing
point
of
water
is
0
degrees
and
its
boiling
point
is
100
degrees.
The
term
heat
is
used
when
some
of
this
thermal
energy
gets
transferred
from
an
object
at
a
higher
temperature
to
one
at
a
lower
temperature.
When
an
ice
cube
melts
on
a
warm
surface,
heat
gets
transferred
from
the
warmer
surface
to
the
ice
cube,
causing
it
to
melt.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
the
difference
between
temperature
and
heat?
Heat
Transference
Heat
is
transferred
in
three
different
ways:
The
first
way
is
by
conduction.
When
an
object
heats
up
without
the
movement
of
any
particles
in
the
object,
conduction
has
occurred.
A
frying
pan
heating
up
on
a
stove
is
a
good
example
of
this
(that
is,
the
pan
itself,
not
the
food
in
it).
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The
next
way
is
by
convection.
This
occurs
whenever
there
is
a
movement
of
particles
in
the
object
being
heated.
For
example,
heating
water
causes
currents
to
develop
and
it
is
these
currents
that
make
the
heat
spread.
The
third
way
is
by
radiation.
This
type
of
heat
transfer
does
not
involve
matter.
Instead,
heat
is
transferred
by
electromagnetic
waves
such
as
artificial
light
and
sunlight.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
Name
and
explain
the
two
methods
of
heat
transference
that
can
be
used
when
you
cook
food.
Conductors
of
Heat
Materials
that
transfer
heat
well
are
called
conductors.
Metals
are
very
good
conductors
while
non-metals,
such
as
paper
and
air,
are
good
insulators.
An
insulator
tends
to
prevent
thermal
energy
from
being
transferred.
Many
homeowners
place
insulation
in
their
attics
to
avoid
heat
being
lost
through
the
roof.
Using
Heat
One
of
the
best
uses
of
heat
is
to
produce
electricity.
Fuels
like
coal
and
oil
are
burned
and
the
heat
released
changes
water
to
steam.
This
steam
is
used
to
turn
the
turbines
in
generators
to
produce
the
electricity.
Heat
is
also
used
in
internal
combustion
engines
like
car
engines.
In
these
engines,
gasoline
is
burned
and
the
heat
released
gets
transformed
to
mechanical
energy.
In
refrigerators
and
air
conditioners,
heat
is
transferred
for
the
opposite
effect
of
creating
lower
temperatures.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
Name
two
ways
heat
is
used
in
your
area.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
is
granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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