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Energy resources
Science, Grade 5
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Study Guide Energy resources Science, Grade 5
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ENERGY
RESOURCES
A
resource
is
a
supply
of
something
that
will
meet
someone’s
need.
When
we
talk
about
energy
resources,
we
are
discussing
those
materials
and
events
that
can
produce
energy
and
thus
become
a
resource
to
humans.
Two
kinds
of
energy
resources:
renewable
and
nonrenewable.
A
renewable
resource
is
a
resource
that
can
be
naturally
restored
or
at
least
replenished
as
it
is
needed.
So
a
renewable
resource
must
be
produced
in
a
relatively
short
time,
such
as
solar
energy,
which
can
become
available
as
a
resource
whenever
the
sunlight
shines
on
the
earth.
A
nonrenewable
resource
is
a
resource
that
can’t
be
replaced
or
restored
as
it
is
needed.
These
types
of
resources
take
much
longer
to
replace
than
most
societies
can
wait.
For
example,
coal
takes
longer
than
your
lifetime
to
be
created,
so
if
your
society
relied
on
coal
to
produce
heat
energy
and
it
ran
out
of
coal,
new
coal
could
not
be
produced
in
time
to
provide
any
energy
for
you.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
the
difference
between
renewable
and
nonrenewable
resources?
Let’s
look
at
some
nonrenewable
resources:
Fossil
Fuels
Fossil
fuels
are
energy
sources
that
are
made
from
plants
and
animals
that
died
a
LONG
time
ago
and
were
buried
under
layers
of
the
earth.
The
heat
and
pressure
caused
from
being
buried
under
layers
and
layers
of
earth
changed
the
dead
material
into
oil,
natural
gas,
and
coal.
Crude
Oil
Type
of
resource:
nonrenewable
resource
Where
it
is
found:
beneath
the
Earth’s
surface
and
below
the
ocean
floor
What
it
is
used
for:
gasoline,
diesel
fuel,
and
other
fuels
What
it
is
used
to
make:
plastic,
asphalt,
grease,
wax
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Natural
Gas
Type
of
resource:
nonrenewable
resource
Where
it
is
found:
in
the
ground
What
it
is
used
for:
cooking,
for
heat,
and
in
power
plants
to
make
electricity
Interesting
fact:
Natural
gas
is
flammable,
but
has
no
odor,
so
it’s
mixed
with
a
chemical
that
makes
it
smell
like
rotten
eggs
so
people
can
tell
if
there’s
a
natural
gas
leak!
Coal
Type
of
resource:
nonrenewable
resource
Where
it
is
found:
beneath
the
surface
of
the
earth,
at
different
depths
What
it
is
used
for:
Power
plants
burn
the
coal
to
create
electricity
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
crude
oil
used
for?
Advantages
and
disadvantages
of
fossil
fuels
Let’s
look
at
the
advantages
first:
•
Fossil
fuels
are
easy
to
store
and
are
easy
to
move
to
different
places
that
need
them.
•
We
are
able
to
get
large
amounts
of
energy
from
fossil
fuels
(which
means
they
can
create
a
lot
of
electricity).
•
Fossil
fuel
power
plants
are
very
reliable.
•
Fossil-fuel
plants
can
be
built
almost
anywhere.
Now
for
the
disadvantages…
•
Two
words:
AIR
POLLUTION,
caused
when
we
burn
these
fuels.
This
is
the
biggest
disadvantage
of
fossil
fuels.
•
Another
crucial
disadvantage
is
the
fact
that
they
are
not
renewable!
So
with
these
disadvantages
in
mind,
we
need
to
find
alternative
choices!
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What
are
some
alternative
energy
resources?
The
power
of
WIND
We
can
use
WIND
to
create
electricity!
A
windmill
is
moved
by
the
wind
which
then
turns
a
turbine.
The
turbine
runs
a
generator
that
makes
electricity.
The
more
wind,
the
more
electricity
is
created.
Advantage:
no
air
pollution
Disadvantage:
wind
does
not
blow
all
the
time
(no
wind
=
no
electricity)
The
power
of
WATER
Hydroelectric
power
plants
use
flowing
water
to
create
electricity.
Rushing
water
spins
blades
that
run
generator
that
create
electricity.
Advantages:
no
air
pollution
and
its
renewable
Disadvantage:
hydroelectric
plants
can
only
be
built
where
there
is
a
large
amount
of
rushing
water
The
power
of
the
SUN
Solar
energy
is
energy
we
get
from
the
Sun.
Solar
cells
are
devices
made
to
convert
sunlight
into
electricity.
Advantages:
no
air
pollution
and
its
renewable
Disadvantages:
sun
does
not
shine
all
the
time
(no
sun
=
no
electricity),
it
is
expensive,
and
A
LOT
of
solar
panels
are
needed
to
create
electricity
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The
power
of
the
EARTH
Geothermal
energy
is
heat
from
the
earth.
(geo
=
earth
and
thermal
=
heat)
A
geothermal
type
heating
system
has
pipes
buried
beneath
the
ground
and
uses
the
earth’s
heat
to
buildings.
Advantage:
no
pollution
Disadvantage:
Geothermal
power
plants
can
only
create
electricity
from
hydrothermal
energy
found
only
around
areas
where
volcanoes
and
earthquakes
occur.
The
Energy
of
TRASH?
Biomass
includes
material
or
materials
from
organisms
that
was
once
alive
–
plants
and
trees,
animal
waste,
and
food
waste.
Garbage
is
burned
to
create
electricity.
Advantages:
helps
eliminates
garbage
(less
in
landfills)
and
it’s
renewable
Disadvantage:
causes
air
pollution
when
burned
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
one
energy
resource
that
does
NOT
create
pollution?
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Permission
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purchaser
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