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Earth's oceans
Science, Grade 5
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Study Guide Earth's oceans Science, Grade 5
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EARTH’S
OCEANS
Oceans
as
a
Natural
Resource
Oceans
are
a
natural
resource
for
the
salt
(that
you
eat
on
your
fries)
and
the
fish
and
other
sea
animals
we
eat
(like
tuna
fish
sandwiches).
Ocean
Currents
Oceans
are
ALWAYS
moving
because
of
currents
and
tides.
Currents
on
the
surface
of
the
ocean
are
caused
by
wind.
Currents
move
large
amounts
of
water
great
distances.
Ocean
Tides
Tides
are
the
periodic
rising
and
lowering
of
the
ocean
levels.
Tides
are
created
because
the
Earth
and
the
Moon
are
attracted
to
each
other.
The
Moon
pulls
the
water
on
Earth
towards
it,
causing
the
tides.
The
Moon
travels
around
the
earth,
the
Earth
and
Moon
travel
around
the
sun,
and
their
gravitational
forces
cause
the
oceans
on
Earth
to
rise
and
fall.
There
are
two
high
tides
and
two
low
tides
every
day.
The
ocean
is
always
moving
back
and
forth
from
high
tide
to
low
tide.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
causes
ocean
currents?
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The
Continental
Shelf
The
sandy
beach
extends
from
the
area
you
build
sandcastles
upon
into
the
ocean
onto
an
area
called
thecontinental
shelf.
The
water
above
the
continental
shelf
is
most
often
shallow.
The
continental
shelf
gradually
goes
downward
and
eventually
leads
to
a
sharp
drop,
known
as
the
continental
slope.
The
Continental
Rise
The
continental
rise
can
be
found
below
the
ocean’s
surface
just
beyond
the
continental
slope.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
the
continental
slope?
The
Flat
Abyssal
Plains
Sounds
spooky
but
it
is
just
the
flat
seafloor
area
WAY
below
the
ocean’s
surface,
very,
very
DEEP
in
the
ocean!!
Deep
meaning
up
to
6,000
meters
deep!
A
thick
layer
of
sediment
covers
most
of
the
plain’s
surface.
Seamounts
A
seamount
is
a
mountain
rising
from
the
ocean
seafloor
that
does
not
reach
to
the
water's
surface.
It
is
a
mountain
under
water.
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Trenches
An
ocean
trench
is
a
long
depression
in
the
ocean
floor
that
has
steep
sides.
Lesson
Checkpoint:
What
is
a
seamount?
Mid-Ocean
Ridge
The
mid-ocean
ridge
is
a
series
of
long,
underwater
mountain
ranges
on
the
ocean
floor.
The
mid-ocean
ridge
extends
through
the
North
and
South
Atlantic,
the
Indian
Ocean,
and
the
South
Pacific.
How
do
scientists
explore
the
ocean?
Remote
controlled
submarines
can
go
places
where
humans
can’t….way
BELOW
the
ocean’s
surface.
There
are
a
lot
of
DEEP
ocean
zones
to
explore,
and
oceanographers
need
these
submarines
and
other
special
tools
to
explore
these
zones.
Which
Ocean
Zone
Do
Most
Organisms
Live
In?
The
epipelagic
zone
is
the
top
layer
of
the
ocean.
This
layer
gets
something
most
important
to
life
–
sunshine!
Most
ocean
life
is
found
in
this
zone
because
the
water
here
is
warm
and
this
zone
has
PLANTS
used
for
homes
and
food
by
ocean
organisms
–
such
as
sharks,
jellyfish,
seals,
lobsters,
turtles,
and
sea
stars.
As
you
go
deeper
into
the
ocean,
there
is
little
to
no
light
which
means
it
is
COLD
and
that
there
are
no
plants
for
food
and
not
many
other
organisms
to
eat
either!
Lesson
Checkpoint:
Why
do
most
sea
organisms
live
in
the
epipelagic
zone
in
the
ocean?
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Ocean
pollution
Oil
spills,
toxic
waste,
litter,
and
other
harmful
materials
dumped
into
the
ocean
in
some
way
are
all
major
causes
of
water
pollution.
Pollution
in
the
ocean
harms
and
kills
ocean
organisms.
Ocean
pollution
can
also
indirectly
affect
our
health
and
take
away
our
resources
–
like
the
ones
we
mentioned
at
the
very
beginning
of
this
tutorial—the
salt
and
the
food
sources
in
the
ocean.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved.
Permission
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granted
for
the
purchaser
to
print
copies
for
non-commercial
educational
purposes
only.
Visit
us
at
www.NewPathLearning.com.
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