Fractions
Mathematics, Grade 4
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Study Guide Fractions Mathematics, Grade 4
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FRACTIONS A fraction is a part of an entire object. The top number of a fraction is called the numerator. It shows how many pieces of a whole we are talking about. In the fraction 3/8, we are talking about three pieces. The bottom number is called the denominator. It shows how many pieces an object was divided into, or how many TOTAL pieces we have. The fraction 3/8 tells us that the whole object was divided into 8 pieces. If the denominators of two fractions are the same, the fraction with the largest numerator is the larger fraction. 5/8 is larger than 3/8 because when you look at the numerator, you know that five pieces are more than three pieces. The first fraction we will look at is ¼. The square below has 4 equal parts. ¼ o f the square is blue, which means that one of the 4 parts of the square is blue. The fraction ¼ shows: number of blue parts number of parts in all We can also say that ¾ of the square is yellow, which means that 3 of the 4 parts are yellow. The fraction ¾ shows: number of yellow parts number of parts in all We know that ¾ is a larger fraction than ¼. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
The second fraction we will look at is 1/3. The circle below has 3 equal parts. 1/3 of the circle is red, which means that 1 of the 3 parts is red. The fraction 1/3 shows: number of red parts ` number of parts in all We can also say that 2/3 of the circle is green, which means that 2 of the 3 parts are green. The fraction 2/3 shows: number of green parts number of parts in all We know that 2/3 is a larger fraction than 1/3. The third fraction we will look at is 1/2. The triangle below has 2 equal parts. 1/2 of the triangle is yellow, which means that 1 of the 2 parts is yellow. The fraction ½ shows: number of yellow parts number of parts in all © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Equivalent Fractions Equivalent fractions are fractions that name the same amount or show the same part of an object. Here is an example. If a pie is cut into two pieces, each piece is also one-half of the pie. If a pie is cut into 4 pieces, then two pieces are the same amount of pie that 1/2 is because 2 pieces of pie makes up ½ of the pie. This means that 1/2 is equivalent to 2/4. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Let’s try another example. Look at the square below. It is divided into 3 equal parts. You can see that 2/3 of the square is yellow which means 2 parts of the square are yellow. Let’s divide the same square into 9 equal parts. Now, 6/9 of the square is yellow which means that 6 parts of the square are yellow. Notice that 6/9 takes up the same part of the square as 2/3. That tells us that 2/3 is equivalent to 6/9. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
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