The 6-Kingdoms of life
Science - Fifth Grade
Six Kingdoms of Life
Multimedia Lesson
Classification
Presentation
Six Kingdoms Overview
Presentation
Protists
Presentation
Explore
Presentation
Life Cycles of Plants and Animals
Presentation
Living Organisms Sorting
Interactive
Parts of a Plant Interactive Matching Activity
Interactive
Frog Life Cycle Matching Interactive
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Butterfly Life Cycle Matching Interactive
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Dragonfly Life Cycle Matching Interactive
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The 6-Kingdoms of life
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The 6-Kingdoms of life
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The 6-Kingdoms of life
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The 6-Kingdoms of life
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The 6-Kingdoms of life
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The 6-Kingdoms of life
Vocabulary List
Classification of Living Things
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The Six Kingdoms of Life
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The Six Kingdoms of Life
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Study Guide The 6-Kingdoms of life
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THE SIX KINGDOMS OF LIFE Classifying Plants and Animals Scientists classify plants and animals according to the structures and characteristics of each organism. They compare and contrast organisms, and those with similar structures and characteristics are grouped together. The characteristics that scientists consider when classifying plants and animals are: • how many cells in the organism • if the cell(s) contains a nucleus • how the organism obtains food • how it moves. Lesson Checkpoint: Why do scientists classify organisms? Order of Classifications The order within the six Kingdom classification system is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. The Kingdom is the largest group of organisms, and Species is the smallest group of organisms. Lesson Checkpoint: Think of a fun way to memorize the correct order of classification: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Kingdom: ANIMAL Number of cells: multicellular Have nucleus? yes How obtains food: have to find own food Movement: can move on own Example: bear Kingdom: PLANT Number of cells: multicellular Have nucleus? yes How obtains food: can make own food Example: rose Kingdom: FUNGI Number of cells: most are multicellular Have nucleus? yes How obtains food: have to find own food Example: mushroom Algae Mushroom Kingdom: PROTISTS Number of cells: most are one cell Have nucleus? yes How obtains food: some make their own, some have to get their own food Example: algae Kingdom: EUBACTERIA Number of cells: one Have nucleus? no How obtains food: some make their own/some have to get their own food Environment: everywhere: all around us © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Kingdom: ARCHAEBACTERIA Number of cells: one Have nucleus? no How obtains food: make their own food Environment: harsh: salty, hot even with no sunshine or oxygen Lesson Checkpoint: How do plants obtain food? So many animals… After being placed in the animal kingdom, animals are then placed into a phylum group. The chordata is a phylum that includes animals with backbones. A group of chordata is then divided into five classes depending on their features and characteristics. Those five classes are fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Amphibians are cold-blooded organisms with smooth skin. They go through drastic changes during their life cycle. Amphibians breathe with gills and lungs during their lifetime. An example of an amphibian is a frog. Reptiles are cold-blooded organisms that have scales covering their bodies. Most reptiles lay eggs. Reptiles use their lungs to breathe. An example of a reptile is a snake. Mammals are warm-blooded organisms that have body hair and produce milk for their young. They also breathe air with their lungs. An example of a mammal is a dog. Lesson Checkpoint: How do reptiles breathe? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Invertebrates are classified into phyla based on their structure and characteristics, such as mollusks, annelids, cnidarians, arthropods, sponges, and echinoderms. • Mollusks have soft bodies and most mollusks have shells. Snails and clams are types of mollusks. • Annelids have segmented bodies. An example of an annelid is an earthworm. • Cnidarians are organisms that have stinging cells. Examples of cnidarians are hydra, jelly fish, and sea anemones. • Arthropods are the largest animal phylum. Arthropods have segmented bodies and jointed legs. Insects are included in the arthropod grouping. Lesson Checkpoint: What do all cnidarians have in common? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Classification of Plants Now we can’t forget about plants. Four well-known plant phyla include flowering plants, mosses, ferns, and conifers. Flowering plants are vascular, produce seeds, and produce flowers (obviously by their name). Vascular means having tubes that carry water and food throughout the entire plant. Ferns are vascular, do not make seeds (they make spores instead to reproduce), and they do not flower. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Mosses do not flower, they do not produce seeds, and they are not vascular. Conifers do not flower, they reproduce using cones and seeds, and they are vascular. Conifers have needles instead of leaves, such as pine trees. Lesson Checkpoint: What does vascular mean? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Table Of Contents: Six Kingdoms of Life
1. Classification
2.1. Why Do Scientists Classify Organisms?
There are millions of types of organisms that live on Earth. A classification system helps scientists study, record and share information about organisms in a systematic and useful way.
2.2. How Are Organisms Classified?
The science of classification is called taxonomy. Organisms are classified according to shared characteristics such as cell structure, physical appearance, how they obtain food and method of reproduction.
2.3. DNA Technology and Classification
DNA technology is also playing a role in classification. The study of gene sequences and mutations has enabled scientists to understand the evolutionary relationships between different organisms.
2.4. Levels of Classification
There are seven levels of classification—kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species.
2.5. Scientific Name
Each organism is identified by its scientific name, which includes the genus and species. For example, humans are called Homo sapiens.
2. Six Kingdoms Overview
3.1. What Are the Six Kingdoms?
All organisms are classified into six different kingdoms—archaebacteria, eubacteria, protists, fungi, plants and animals.
3.2. Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
From an evolutionary perspective, archaebacteria and eubacteria are the simplest organisms, having evolved billions of years ago.
3.3. Protists
Protists are more complex organisms with a variety of characteristics. Scientists believe that protists evolved from bacteria.
3.4. Fungi, Plants and Animals
Fungi, plants and animals all evolved from different types of protists.
3. Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
4.1. Characteristics of Bacteria
Bacteria are simple unicellular organisms that can be found in nearly every environment on Earth. All bacteria are prokaryotic—they do not have a true nucleus or organelles with membranes.
4.2. Two Bacterial Groups
DNA studies suggest that there are two distinct groups of bacteria. Therefore bacteria are divided into two kingdoms—archaebacteria and eubacteria.
4.3. Where Are Archaebacteria Found?
Some archaebacteria are found in extreme environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes, while other species live in the ocean and soil.
4.4. Where Are Eubacteria Found?
Eubacteria are more common than archaebacteria and are found in soil, water and our bodies.
4.5. Beneficial and Harmful Bacteria
Archaebacteria and eubacteria are diverse kingdoms of organisms that contribute to oxygen production, food production, decomposition, medical applications and biotechnology. Some bacteria are harmful and cause disease.
4. Protists
5.1. Characteristics of Protists
Protists are eukaryotic organisms that have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They typically live in or near water and can be unicellular or multicellular.
5.2. Variety of Protists
The protist kingdom includes organisms that are not classified as plants, animals or fungi. Protists are difficult to categorize because there is a wide variation of characteristics among species.
5.3. Protist Groups
Protists are often grouped according to whether they are animal-like, plant-like or fungus-like.
5.4. Protozoa
Animal-like protists are known as protozoa. They are single-celled organisms that move to find food. Amoeba and paramecium are classified as protozoa.
5.5. Algae
Plant-like protists, called algae, contain chloroplasts and make their own food by the process of photosynthesis. They are primarily found in fresh water. Examples include volvox, euglena and spirogyra.
5.6. Fungus-Like Protists
Fungus-like protists are heterotrophs that feed on decomposing matter. They reproduce using spores. Water molds, downy mildew and slime molds are fungus-like protists.
5. Pause and Interact
6.1. Review
Use the whiteboard text tool to complete the activity.
6. Fungi
7.1. Characteristics of Fungi
Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotes that absorb nutrients from decomposing matter. Most are multicellular, but some, like yeast, are unicellular.
7.2. Parts of a Fungus
The bodies of most fungi are composed of filaments called hyphae. These hyphae grow into a large mass of cells called mycelium.
7.3. Fungus Reproduction
Most fungi reproduce using spores. Fungi are classified into three groups according to their sexual reproductive structures—zygote, sac and club fungi.
7.4. Beneficial Fungi
Many fungi are beneficial organisms, contributing to the recycling of nutrients, food production and medical advances.
7.5. Harmful Fungi
There are some fungi that are harmful and cause disease in animals and plants.
7. Plants
8.1. Plant Characteristics
Plants are multicellular eukaryotes that live primarily on land. They are autotrophic, obtaining energy through photosynthesis.
8.2. Cellulose and Chloroplasts
Plant cells are distinct because they have cell walls composed of cellulose. Chloroplasts inside the cells contain the pigment chlorophyll that is needed for photosynthesis.
8.3. How Are Plants Classified?
Plants are classified according to whether they have vascular systems, produce seeds and develop flowers.
8.4. Nonvascular Plants
Nonvascular plants absorb water and nutrients directly from their surroundings. They are seedless and are considered to be the most ancient land plants. Examples include liverworts, mosses and hornworts.
8.5. Seedless Vascular Plants
Ferns, club mosses and horsetails are seedless vascular plants that reproduce using spores. The vascular tissues, xylem and phloem, carry water and nutrients throughout the plant.
8.6. Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms are vascular plants that produce seeds, but do not have flowers. The seeds of most gymnosperms develop in the scales of cones.
8.7. Angiosperms
Angiosperms are flowering vascular plants that produce seeds inside a fruit.
8. Pause and Interact
9.1. Review
Use the whiteboard tools to complete the activity.
9. Animals
10.1. Animal Characteristics
All organisms in the animal kingdom are multicellular heterotrophs, and their cells lack cell walls. Most animals reproduce sexually, have some type of nervous system and are capable of movement.
10.2. Major Animal Groups
There are over 1.5 million known species of animals. This branching tree shows how major animal groups are possibly related.
10.3. Invertebrates
Invertebrates are animals without backbones. These animals live in water and on land. They account for over 95% of the known animal species.
10.4. Invertebrate Groups
Some of the major groups of invertebrates include sponges, worms, mollusks, echinoderms, cnidarians and arthropods.
10.5. Vertebrates
Vertebrates have a spinal cord encased by protective vertebrae. They also have an endoskeleton that is composed of cartilage or bone. Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals are all vertebrates.
10. Pause and Interact
11.1. Kingdom Identification
Drag and drop each organism into the correct kingdom.
11. Vocabulary Review
12.1. Six Kingdoms of Life Vocabulary Matching
All organisms in the animal kingdom are multicellular heterotrophs, and their cells lack cell walls. Most animals reproduce sexually, have some type of nervous system and are capable of movement.
12. Virtual Investigation
13.1. Classifying Organisms
In this virtual investigation you will classify several organisms according to their distinguishing characteristics. Use the information provided and your knowledge of the six kingdoms to help identify each organism.
13. Assessment
14.1. Six Kingdoms of Life
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