Plant Structure and function
Science - Fourth Grade
Life Cycles of Plants and Animals
Multimedia Lesson
What are Ecosystems?
Presentation
What are Ecosystems?
Presentation
Parts of a Plant Interactive Matching Activity
Interactive
Bean Plant Life Matching Interactive
Interactive
Plant Structure and function
Study Guide
Plant Structure and function
Quiz
Plant Structure and function
Flash Cards
Plant Structure and function
Worksheet
Plant Structure and function
Game
Plant Structure and function
Vocabulary List
Study Guide Plant Structure and function
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PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Overview Plants are living organisms made up of cells. Plants need sunlight and water to live and grow healthy. Many plants, but not all plants, produce flowers, which make fruit and seeds in order for the plant to reproduce. Lesson Checkpoint: What does a plant need in order to survive? Parts of a Plant A plant has different parts that are all important in keeping the plant alive and healthy. Roots: A plant’s roots collect water and minerals from soil for the rest of the plant. The roots also help anchor the plant down so that it doesn’t come out of the ground during bad weather, such as heavy wind storms. The roots of a plant can store food for the plant but roots can’t make food. Roots often grow root hairs which help absorb water and nutrients from the soil. There are two different types of root systems: • A fibrous root system has many roots that grow in many different directions. Those many roots absorb water and nutrients from the soil. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
• Plants that have a taproot system have only one large main root growing from the plant’s stem. Lesson Checkpoint: What are the two kinds of plant roots systems? Stem: The main job of a plant’s stem is to carry water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. Plant stems also help support the plant so that it is able to reach sunlight which is needed by plants to make their own food and grow healthy. Leaves: We know that plants make their own food, but where does this food making happen in a plant? It happens in the LEAVES of a plant! First of all, plants need sunlight in order to make their own food. The leaves of most plants are flat so that they are able to capture as much sunlight as possible. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Every plant leaf contains chlorophyll, which is the green material that gives plants their green color. Chlorophyll captures sunlight which is needed by the plant to make its own food. The process of plants making their own food is called photosynthesis. The food made through the process of photosynthesis in plants is sugar. Two important ingredients needed for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water. Plants use the energy from the sun to change water and carbon dioxide into food for the plant. Oxygen and water are the waste products of photosynthesis. Oxygen and water leave the plant through tiny openings found underneath the leaves of a plant which are called stomata. The process of water leaving a plant through the tiny openings, stomata, under each leaf is called transpiration. In order for a plant to get energy from the food it has made and stored, one more process needs to occur: respiration. Respiration is the process of a plant taking in oxygen at night and using it to get energy from the food it has stored. Lesson Checkpoint: What is transpiration? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Table Of Contents: Life Cycles
1. Lesson Objectives
2.1. Life Cycles of Plants and Animals
2. Engage
3.1. Planting a Seed
3.2. A Growing Plant
3.3. Butterfly
3. Explore
4.1. Plants and Animals
4. Explain
5.1. Plants
Plants are living things that need water, air, nutrients and sunlight to grow. There are two main kinds of plants - plants with flowers and plants without flowers. Plants with flowers include fruit trees and any plant with flowers. Plants without flowers include pine trees, mosses and ferns.
5.2. Main Parts of Plants
A plant has many important parts, such as roots, stem, leaves and flowers. Each part of the plant has different functions that make it possible for the plant to live.
5.3. Roots
Roots help support the plant by anchoring it into the ground. Roots have tiny hairs that absorb nutrients from the soil, which a plant needs to grow. These root hairs also take in water from the soil, which a plant needs to live and grow.
5.4. Stem
A plant's stem is used to support the plant. The stem allows the plant's leaves to reach above the soil so that they may take in the sunshine. A plant's stem carries the water and nutrients that are taken in by the plant's roots to the rest of the plant.
5.5. Leaves
Leaves are the parts of a plant where the plant's own food is made. They use sunlight, air, water and nutrients from the soil to make their own food through a process called photosynthesis.
5.6. Flowers
The main job of the flower of a plant is to make seeds. New plants grow from these seeds. Some plants form fruit to help protect their seeds.
5.7. Parts of a Plant Interactive Matching Activity
5.8. What a plant needs to grow...
Plants need many essential things in order to grow, such as water, air, nutrients, sunlight, and warm temperature. Plants need their space too!
5.9. Germination
Germination is the process by which the plant embryo inside a seed grows and a seedling grows above the soil. A seedling is a young plant that is in its early stages of growth.
5.10. Plants have different life cycles...
Living things have different life cycles. A life cycle is the way a living thing grows and changes. A flowering plant's life cycle describes the steps a plant takes to grow and become an adult plant.
5.11. Bean Plant Life Cycle
A bean plant's life cycle includes four stages: 1. Seed - contains the embryo, which will develop into the plant; 2. Sprouting seed - germinates or grows root and stem; 3. Seedling- its first leaves make food 4. Mature plant- can make seeds that will begin the life cycle again!
5.12. Bean Plant Life Matching Interactive
5.13. Animals
There are many different kinds of animals. Animals are grouped into two kinds - animals with backbones and animals without backbones.
5.14. Animals with backbones
Animals with backbones include mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles.
5.15. Animals without backbones
Most kinds of animals do not have backbones. Animals without backbones include insects, worms, crabs, spiders and many others.
5.16. Animal Growth & Reproduction
Animals produce offspring in a variety of ways. For example, many animals have live births. The offspring develop inside the female parent which then gives birth to the live young. Other organisms, like chickens and frogs, lay eggs instead of having live births. Animal life cycles vary in how long they take.
5.17. Frog Life Cycle
Like all amphibians, frogs spend their lives near water because they must return to water to lay their eggs. The four stages of a frog's life cycle include: 1. Frog eggs are laid in water. 2. Tadpoles hatch from the eggs. They breathe with gills and swim using a tail. 3. The froglet still has part of its tail and starts to breathe using its lungs. 4. By the time a froglet becomes an adult, its tail is reabsorbed.
5.18. Frog Life Cycle Matching Interactive
5.19. Butterfly Life Cycle
Butterflies and moths go through complete metamorphosis and undergo four stages of development: egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (Chrysalis), and adult.
5.20. Butterfly Life Cycle Matching Interactive
5.21. Dragonfly Life Cycle
Most insects go through complete metamorphosis, but some, such as dragonflies, go through incomplete metamorphosis. This life cycle includes three stages of development: egg, nymph, and adult.
5.22. Dragonfly Life Cycle Matching Interactive
5.23. Inheritance of Traits
Have you ever wondered why offspring , the young of a plant or animal, often look like their parents? This is due to the inheritance of traits, which means that parents pass on their traits to their offspring. Animals inherit traits such as the shape and color of their body parts. Plants inherit traits such as leaf shape and flower color.
5.24. Animal Variation Due to Inherited Traits
Some offspring may appear different than one or both parents. This is because the offspring receive traits from both parents resulting in a unique combination that is different from either parent. Variations in humans are height and eye color. A child's parents may both have brown eyes, yet the child could have blue eyes.
5.25. Variation Due to Environment
Characteristics of plants and animals can be affected by their surroundings, climate or diet. For example, if you eat too much you will become heavier, and if you eat too little you will become lighter. A plant in the shade of a big tree will grow taller as it tries to reach more sunlight.
5.26. Variation Interactive Matching Activity
5.27. Adaptation
An adaptation is a trait or characteristic that helps a living thing survive in its environment. For example, it takes special adaptations to be able to live in a very cold environment. Polar bears have thick blubber and dense fur to help keep them warm.
5.28. Adaptation Interactive Matching Activity
5.29. Life Cycles of Plants and Animals
5. Virtual Investigation
6.1. Normal Conditions
6.2. No Light
6.3. No Water
6.4. Too Much Water
6.5. Analysis
6. Evaluate
7.1. Life Cycles of Plants and Animals
7. Lesson Summary
8.1. Life Cycles of Plants and Animals
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