Forces and motion-how things move
Science - Third Grade
All About Energy
Multimedia Lesson
All About Energy
Presentation
All About Energy
Presentation
Sources of Energy
Interactive
Potential or Kinetic Energy?
Interactive
Forces and motion-how things move
Study Guide
Forces and motion-how things move
Quiz
Forces and motion-how things move
Flash Cards
Forces and motion-how things move
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Forces and motion-how things move
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Forces and motion-how things move
Vocabulary List
Study Guide Forces and motion-how things move
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FORCES AND MOTION: HOW THINGS MOVE Motion is the process of an object changing place or position. Position refers to an object’s location. The position of an object all depends on how a person is looking at the object and what it is being compared to, which is known as an object’s relative position. Speed is how fast an object is moving or changing its position. When an object changes its position, it always changes position at a certain rate of speed. Speed can be at a fast rate or it can be at a slow rate. A constant speed is when an object moves at the same speed the whole time it moves. An object moving at a variable speed means that it changes its speed as it is moving. Lesson Checkpoint: What is speed? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
A force is a push or pull upon an object that causes it to change speed or direction. A force involves two or more object interacting with each other. Contact forces are forces that occur when you physically touch or make contact with another object. Lesson Checkpoint: What is a force? The distance an object is moved depends on how much force is used to move it. The harder you push on an object, the more the object will move in its motion. How difficult or easy it is to move an object depends on the object’s weight. You do not need to apply a lot of force to move an object that is light in weight. However, if an object has a lot of weight, you will need to apply a lot more force to move the object in comparison to an object that has less weight. Friction is a force that works in the opposite direction of an object that is moving. The type of surface you are pushing an object on has a lot to do with the amount a friction against the object. If you are pushing a box on grass, the grass would apply more friction than if you were pushing the box on a smooth surface. Lesson Checkpoint: What is friction? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Forces, such as pushes, pulls, and friction, can change the motion and speed of an object. Magnetism is a force that does not need direct contact with an object in order to make that object change its position. Magnetism is the property of attracting certain metals. Magnets attract metals such as iron and steel. A magnet can move a steel paper clip with its magnetic force that pulls the steel paper clip towards the magnet. Lesson Checkpoint: Name an object that is attracted by a magnet. Gravity is another force that pushes and pulls objects without being in direct contact with those objects. Gravity is a force of nature that tries to pull two objects of matter together. When you drop your pencil, gravity causes your pencil to fall to the ground. It is what keeps our bodies on the Earth which is why we do not float away when we are on Earth. Lesson Checkpoint: What causes us to remain on the ground instead of floating away? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Table Of Contents: All About Energy
1. Lesson Objectives
2.1. All About Energy
2. Engage
3.1. What is Energy?
3.2. Sensing Energy
3. Explore
4.1. Types of Energy
4.2. Energy Sources
4. Explain
5.1. What is Energy?
Energy is the ability to make an object move or cause a change in matter. You can't always see or touch energy, but it is everywhere. To find energy, look for motion, heat, light, sound, or electricity.
5.2. Energy for Life
We use many forms of energy every day. We use energy to heat, cool, run appliances, light our homes, and run our cars. We use the stored energy in food to keep us warm, maintain our bodies, and move about. Other living organisms need energy too. Plants use light, energy to grow and make food.
5.3. Energy from the Sun
The Sun provides most of the energy on Earth. Plants absorb light energy from the Sun and use it to make food stored as chemical energy. The energy stored in plants in turn provides the energy for other living things on Earth. The Sun's energy also provides warmth, powers the water cycle, and makes wind power.
5.4. Sources of Energy
The energy from the Sun also provided the energy to prehistoric plants and animals. When these living organisms died, their remains eventually became fossil fuels, named so, because like fossils, they lived long ago. Examples of fossil fuels include coal and oil. Fossil fuels are very important because when we burn them, they provide most of the energy we use every day!
5.5. Sources of Energy
5.6. Energy in Motion - Kinetic Energy
There are two main types of energy- potential energy and kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is energy that is in motion. A moving car, a bouncing ball, and a spinning top have kinetic energy. In contrast, potential energy is stored energy.
5.7. Stored Energy - Potential Energy
Energy that is stored and ready to go is potential energy. For example, a skier at the top of the hill who is not moving has potential energy, due to gravity. When the skier starts moving downhill, the potential energy changes into kinetic energy. Other examples include the energy stored in a stretched rubber band, food, and wood.
5.8. Potential or Kinetic Energy?
5.9. Chemical Energy
Chemical energy is potential energy stored in the bonds that hold matter together. It is released during a chemical reaction. Food has potential energy. When we digest food, the stored energy from the food is released in the form of kinetic energy and heat. Other sources of chemical energy include wood, batteries, and gasoline.
5.10. Sound Energy
Sound is kinetic energy that is caused by vibrations passing through matter. These vibrations can be carried by air, water, or solid objects. When you pluck a guitar string, the vibration of the string makes air move in waves. This causes movement of our eardrums and we can hear it as sound.
5.11. Light Energy
Light is a type of kinetic energy that we can see. Light is all around us and comes from the Sun, lamps, and many other sources. Light travels as waves in straight lines, except when it strikes an object. Then, it may pass through the object, reflect off of the object, or be absorbed by the object.
5.12. Electrical Energy
Electrical energy is kinetic energy that comes from electric current. Any appliance or device that is plugged into an electrical outlet uses electricity. Electrical energy changes to other forms of energy, like light, when the switch is turned on.
5.13. Thermal Energy
Have you ever wondered what makes something hot? All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. These particles within an object start to move as the temperature rises. The movement of these particles in matter produces thermal energy. We feel the flow of thermal energy as heat. Heat naturally flows from a warmer object to a colder object.
5.14. Transfer of Energy
All energy is connected and moves from one form to another. For example, chemical energy in gasoline turns into heat, sound, and motion as it burns. Energy from a soccer player's foot is transferred to the soccer ball as he kicks it, making it move. Energy cannot be made nor destroyed, but it can change form or transfer from one object to another.
5.15. Energy Flow in an Ecosystem
In an ecosystem, which consists of a group of living things and the environment in which they live, plants capture energy from the Sun. When an organism eats the plant the energy is then transferred to that organism. This process is referred to as energy flow. In this food chain example, energy flows from the grass, to the grasshopper, to the frog.
5.16. Energy Sources
The energy we use every day comes from a variety of sources. Fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, are nonrenewable. These energy sources can only be used once and cannot be replaced. Other energy sources, such as solar and wind power energy, are powered by sources that are naturally replaced and are considered limitless. These are called renewable energy sources.
5.17. Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy
5.18. All About Energy
5. Elaborate
6.1. Transfer of Energy
Energy comes in different forms and often we can change one form of energy into another. For example, when you eat food then take a walk, the chemical energy from the food turns into motion.Chemical energy can also change into other forms of energy. In the activity that follows, we will investigate if salt makes ice melt faster.
6.2. Hypothesis
6.3. Procedure
6.4. Analysis
6. Evaluate
7.1. All About Energy
7. Lesson Summary
8.1. All About Energy
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