Energy resources
Science - Fifth Grade
All About Energy
Multimedia Lesson
What are Ecosystems?
Presentation
What are Ecosystems?
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All About Energy
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All About Energy
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Sources of Energy
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Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy
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Earth Inside and Out Interactive Activity
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Energy resources
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Energy resources
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Energy resources
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Energy resources
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Energy resources
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Energy resources
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Energy Sources
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All About Energy Vocabulary
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Study Guide Energy resources
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ENERGY RESOURCES A resource is a supply of something that will meet someone’s need. When we talk about energy resources, we are discussing those materials and events that can produce energy and thus become a resource to humans. Two kinds of energy resources: renewable and nonrenewable. A renewable resource is a resource that can be naturally restored or at least replenished as it is needed. So a renewable resource must be produced in a relatively short time, such as solar energy, which can become available as a resource whenever the sunlight shines on the earth. A nonrenewable resource is a resource that can’t be replaced or restored as it is needed. These types of resources take much longer to replace than most societies can wait. For example, coal takes longer than your lifetime to be created, so if your society relied on coal to produce heat energy and it ran out of coal, new coal could not be produced in time to provide any energy for you. Lesson Checkpoint: What is the difference between renewable and nonrenewable resources? Let’s look at some nonrenewable resources: Fossil Fuels Fossil fuels are energy sources that are made from plants and animals that died a LONG time ago and were buried under layers of the earth. The heat and pressure caused from being buried under layers and layers of earth changed the dead material into oil, natural gas, and coal. Crude Oil Type of resource: nonrenewable resource Where it is found: beneath the Earth’s surface and below the ocean floor What it is used for: gasoline, diesel fuel, and other fuels What it is used to make: plastic, asphalt, grease, wax © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Natural Gas Type of resource: nonrenewable resource Where it is found: in the ground What it is used for: cooking, for heat, and in power plants to make electricity Interesting fact: Natural gas is flammable, but has no odor, so it’s mixed with a chemical that makes it smell like rotten eggs so people can tell if there’s a natural gas leak! Coal Type of resource: nonrenewable resource Where it is found: beneath the surface of the earth, at different depths What it is used for: Power plants burn the coal to create electricity Lesson Checkpoint: What is crude oil used for? Advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels Let’s look at the advantages first: • Fossil fuels are easy to store and are easy to move to different places that need them. • We are able to get large amounts of energy from fossil fuels (which means they can create a lot of electricity). • Fossil fuel power plants are very reliable. • Fossil-fuel plants can be built almost anywhere. Now for the disadvantages… • Two words: AIR POLLUTION, caused when we burn these fuels. This is the biggest disadvantage of fossil fuels. • Another crucial disadvantage is the fact that they are not renewable! So with these disadvantages in mind, we need to find alternative choices! © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
What are some alternative energy resources? The power of WIND We can use WIND to create electricity! A windmill is moved by the wind which then turns a turbine. The turbine runs a generator that makes electricity. The more wind, the more electricity is created. Advantage: no air pollution Disadvantage: wind does not blow all the time (no wind = no electricity) The power of WATER Hydroelectric power plants use flowing water to create electricity. Rushing water spins blades that run generator that create electricity. Advantages: no air pollution and its renewable Disadvantage: hydroelectric plants can only be built where there is a large amount of rushing water The power of the SUN Solar energy is energy we get from the Sun. Solar cells are devices made to convert sunlight into electricity. Advantages: no air pollution and its renewable Disadvantages: sun does not shine all the time (no sun = no electricity), it is expensive, and A LOT of solar panels are needed to create electricity © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
The power of the EARTH Geothermal energy is heat from the earth. (geo = earth and thermal = heat) A geothermal type heating system has pipes buried beneath the ground and uses the earth’s heat to buildings. Advantage: no pollution Disadvantage: Geothermal power plants can only create electricity from hydrothermal energy found only around areas where volcanoes and earthquakes occur. The Energy of TRASH? Biomass includes material or materials from organisms that was once alive – plants and trees, animal waste, and food waste. Garbage is burned to create electricity. Advantages: helps eliminates garbage (less in landfills) and it’s renewable Disadvantage: causes air pollution when burned Lesson Checkpoint: What is one energy resource that does NOT create pollution? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Table Of Contents: All About Energy
1. Lesson Objectives
2.1. All About Energy
2. Engage
3.1. What is Energy?
3.2. Sensing Energy
3. Explore
4.1. Types of Energy
4.2. Energy Sources
4. Explain
5.1. What is Energy?
Energy is the ability to make an object move or cause a change in matter. You can't always see or touch energy, but it is everywhere. To find energy, look for motion, heat, light, sound, or electricity.
5.2. Energy for Life
We use many forms of energy every day. We use energy to heat, cool, run appliances, light our homes, and run our cars. We use the stored energy in food to keep us warm, maintain our bodies, and move about. Other living organisms need energy too. Plants use light, energy to grow and make food.
5.3. Energy from the Sun
The Sun provides most of the energy on Earth. Plants absorb light energy from the Sun and use it to make food stored as chemical energy. The energy stored in plants in turn provides the energy for other living things on Earth. The Sun's energy also provides warmth, powers the water cycle, and makes wind power.
5.4. Sources of Energy
The energy from the Sun also provided the energy to prehistoric plants and animals. When these living organisms died, their remains eventually became fossil fuels, named so, because like fossils, they lived long ago. Examples of fossil fuels include coal and oil. Fossil fuels are very important because when we burn them, they provide most of the energy we use every day!
5.5. Sources of Energy
5.6. Energy in Motion - Kinetic Energy
There are two main types of energy- potential energy and kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is energy that is in motion. A moving car, a bouncing ball, and a spinning top have kinetic energy. In contrast, potential energy is stored energy.
5.7. Stored Energy - Potential Energy
Energy that is stored and ready to go is potential energy. For example, a skier at the top of the hill who is not moving has potential energy, due to gravity. When the skier starts moving downhill, the potential energy changes into kinetic energy. Other examples include the energy stored in a stretched rubber band, food, and wood.
5.8. Potential or Kinetic Energy?
5.9. Chemical Energy
Chemical energy is potential energy stored in the bonds that hold matter together. It is released during a chemical reaction. Food has potential energy. When we digest food, the stored energy from the food is released in the form of kinetic energy and heat. Other sources of chemical energy include wood, batteries, and gasoline.
5.10. Sound Energy
Sound is kinetic energy that is caused by vibrations passing through matter. These vibrations can be carried by air, water, or solid objects. When you pluck a guitar string, the vibration of the string makes air move in waves. This causes movement of our eardrums and we can hear it as sound.
5.11. Light Energy
Light is a type of kinetic energy that we can see. Light is all around us and comes from the Sun, lamps, and many other sources. Light travels as waves in straight lines, except when it strikes an object. Then, it may pass through the object, reflect off of the object, or be absorbed by the object.
5.12. Electrical Energy
Electrical energy is kinetic energy that comes from electric current. Any appliance or device that is plugged into an electrical outlet uses electricity. Electrical energy changes to other forms of energy, like light, when the switch is turned on.
5.13. Thermal Energy
Have you ever wondered what makes something hot? All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. These particles within an object start to move as the temperature rises. The movement of these particles in matter produces thermal energy. We feel the flow of thermal energy as heat. Heat naturally flows from a warmer object to a colder object.
5.14. Transfer of Energy
All energy is connected and moves from one form to another. For example, chemical energy in gasoline turns into heat, sound, and motion as it burns. Energy from a soccer player's foot is transferred to the soccer ball as he kicks it, making it move. Energy cannot be made nor destroyed, but it can change form or transfer from one object to another.
5.15. Energy Flow in an Ecosystem
In an ecosystem, which consists of a group of living things and the environment in which they live, plants capture energy from the Sun. When an organism eats the plant the energy is then transferred to that organism. This process is referred to as energy flow. In this food chain example, energy flows from the grass, to the grasshopper, to the frog.
5.16. Energy Sources
The energy we use every day comes from a variety of sources. Fossil fuels, such as oil and coal, are nonrenewable. These energy sources can only be used once and cannot be replaced. Other energy sources, such as solar and wind power energy, are powered by sources that are naturally replaced and are considered limitless. These are called renewable energy sources.
5.17. Renewable and Nonrenewable Energy
5.18. All About Energy
5. Elaborate
6.1. Transfer of Energy
Energy comes in different forms and often we can change one form of energy into another. For example, when you eat food then take a walk, the chemical energy from the food turns into motion.Chemical energy can also change into other forms of energy. In the activity that follows, we will investigate if salt makes ice melt faster.
6.2. Hypothesis
6.3. Procedure
6.4. Analysis
6. Evaluate
7.1. All About Energy
7. Lesson Summary
8.1. All About Energy
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