Changes on earth
Science - Third Grade
How Does the Earth's Surface Change?
Multimedia Lesson
Earth Inside and Out Interactive Activity
Interactive
Landforms Interactive Matching Activity
Interactive
Physical and Chemical Weathering Interactive Activity
Interactive
Types of Natural Processes Matching Interactive
Interactive
Changes on earth
Study Guide
How Does the Earth's Surface Change?
Quiz
Changes on earth
Quiz
How Does the Earth's Surface Change?
Flash Cards
Changes on earth
Flash Cards
How Does the Earth's Surface Change?
Worksheet
Changes on earth
Worksheet
How Does the Earth's Surface Change?
Game
Changes on earth
Game
How Does the Earth's Surface Change?
Vocabulary List
Changes on earth
Vocabulary List
Changes on Earth
Flip Chart
How does Earth`s Surface Change? Flip Chart Set
Flip Chart
The Earth
Flip Chart
Weathering, Erosion & Deposition
Flip Chart
Types of Weathering
Flip Chart
Earth`s Plates
Flip Chart
Earthquakes
Flip Chart
Volcanoes
Flip Chart
Earth`s Surface Vocabulary
Flip Chart
The Earth
Flip Chart
Rocks
Flip Chart
Earth`s Surface - Landforms
Flip Chart
Weathering, Erosion & Deposition
Flip Chart
Types of Weathering
Flip Chart
Soil
Flip Chart
Earth`s Plates
Flip Chart
Earthquakes
Flip Chart
Volcanoes
Flip Chart
Earth`s Surface Vocabulary
Flip Chart
Study Guide Changes on earth
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CHANGES ON EARTH Layers of Earth The Earth is made up of three main layers: crust, mantle, and core. We live on the outer layer of the Earth called the crust. The Earth’s crust is made up of many different rocks. Lesson Checkpoint: What layer of the Earth do we live on? Under the Earth’s crust is the layer called the mantle. The Earth’s mantle is made of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The inside layer of the Earth is called the core. The Earth’s core is made of metal. The Earth’s core is so very hot, hot enough to melt but the center of the core is packed together so tightly it is solid. The outer section of the Earth’s core however is hot, thick liquid. Lesson Checkpoint: What types of rocks make up the Earth’s mantle? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Earth’s Landforms Landforms are many different solid features formed on top of the Earth’s crust. Some also involve bodies of water. A glacier is a slow moving large body of ice. An ocean is made up of saltwater. Oceans cover just about ¾ of the Earth’s surface. A river is a natural flow of water that is larger than a brook or a creek. A lake is large body of still water surrounded by land. A coast is the land that is right next to the ocean that forms the coastline. A valley is a low, narrow area that is formed by rivers and glaciers. A plain is a large, mostly flat area of land. A plateau is a plain that is up higher than all the land surrounding it. Sometimes you will find a plateau on a mountain. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
A hill is an elevated land but it is not as tall as a mountain. A mountain is elevated land that reaches high above the Earth’s surface and is larger than a hill. Lesson Checkpoint: Which is taller, a hill or a mountain? A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s crust from which hot, melted rock forcefully comes out when pressure is built up inside the Earth. Magma is what we call the melted rock that is beneath the Earth’s surface. When it bursts out of the volcano and flows on land we call that same molten rock lava. Volcanoes erupt when magma is close to the Earth’s surface and pressure builds up forcing the magma out of the Earth’s crust. Lesson Checkpoint: What is the difference between magma and lava? An earthquake is a sudden shift in the Earth’s crust that causes the ground to shake and vibrate violently. Most earthquakes happen near faults. Faults are large cracks in the Earth’s crust. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Weathering is the process of rocks being changed over time by conditions such as rain, snow, ice, pressure. Rocks can change shape, size, or break into smaller pieces from weathering. Water can change the minerals in rocks making the rocks weaker and can cause rocks to weather and to break up into smaller pieces. The movement of land or rocks that has been weathered is called erosion. A strong storm can cause waves to wash away rocks and land at a beach; that is erosion. Erosion is caused by water, wind, gravity, and glaciers. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Table Of Contents: Earth's Surface
1. Lesson Objectives
2.1. How Does The Earth's Surface Change?
2. Engage
3.1. The Earth's Surface
3. Explore
4.1. A Close-Up of The Earth's Surface
4.2. Changes Over Time
4. Explain
5.1. The Earth
The Earth is made up of three main layers - crust, mantle and core. We live on the outer layer of the Earth called the crust. The Earth's crust is made up of many different rocks. The layer beneath the Earth's crust is called the mantle. The Earth's mantle is made of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
5.2. Earth's Core
The innermost layer of the Earth is called the core. The Earth's core is made of metal. The Earth's core is hot enough to melt but the center of the core is packed together so tightly that it remains a solid. The outer section of the Earth's core however is hot, thick liquid.
5.3. Earth Inside and Out Interactive Activity
5.4. Landforms
Earth's surface has many shapes and features, known as landforms. They include mountains, canyons, deltas, hills, valleys, and more. A topographic map shows the elevation of these landforms.
5.5. Examples of Landforms
Examples of landforms include glaciers, rivers, lakes, valleys, hills, mountains, coasts and oceans.
5.6. Erosion and Deposition
Changes on the Earth's surface are caused in part by weathering and erosion. Erosion is the wearing away of the Earth's surface by rain, wind, snow, and ice. Deposition is the laying down of pieces of Earth's surface, such as rocks and sand. Over time, whole landscapes can be changed by erosion and deposition.
5.7. Landforms Interactive Matching Activity
5.8. Weathering
The Earth's surface changes constantly because of wind, water, temperature changes, and living things. Landforms can change due to weathering which is the process of breaking rocks into smaller pieces. There are two types of weathering - physical and chemical.
5.9. Physical Weathering
One way physical weathering takes place when water and ice break rocks down into smaller pieces. This happens by freezing and thawing. Physical weathering only changes the size of the rock.
5.10. Chemical Weathering
Chemical weathering not only changes the size of rocks but also causes them to change into different materials. During chemical weathering the rocks are broken down by the actions of chemicals in the air or water.
5.11. Soil
Soil covers most of Earth's land. It is a mixture of sediments of weathered rocks, nonliving materials, and decayed plants and animals. Over time, three layers of soil develop. Topsoil is made mostly of decaying plant and animal remains (humus). Subsoil contains minerals and small rocks. Bedrock is mostly solid rock.
5.12. Physical and Chemical Weathering Interactive Activity
5.13. Earth's Plates
The outermost layer of the Earth's crust is called the lithosphere. This layer is broken down into small and large sections called plates. These plates move slowly and might run into each other, pull apart, or grind past each other. As these plates move, they can cause changes to the Earth's surface. These changes include earthquakes, volcanoes, and the formation of mountains and valleys.
5.14. Earthquakes
Earthquakes cause rapid changes to the Earth's surface. An earthquake is a sudden shift in the Earth's crust that causes the ground to shake and vibrate violently. They most often occur where plates meet on land or under the ocean.
5.15. Volcanoes
Magma is hot, melted rock found beneath the Earth's surface. When pressure builds up, magma erupts though the Earth's crust. Volcanoes are openings in the Earth's crust where the magma comes out. Melted rock that comes above the Earth's surface is called lava. Volcanoes can also cause rapid changes to the Earth's surface.
5.16. Volcanic Islands
Volcanoes can form on continents or they can build from the ocean floor forming volcanic islands. The Hawaiian Islands were formed this way.
5.17. Types of Natural Processes Matching Interactive
5.18. How Does The Earth's Surface Change?
5. Virtual Investigation
6.1. Weathering and Erosion
6.2. Earthquakes
6.3. Volcanoes
6. Evaluate
7.1. How Does The Earth's Surface Change?
7. Lesson Summary
8.1. How Does The Earth's Surface Change?
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