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Earth - Inside & Out
Science, Grade 4
❮
1
/
2
❯
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4407
www.newpathlearning.com
Earth
-
Inside
& Out
The
Earth
is
made
up
of
three
main
layers
called
the
crust,
mantle,
and
core.
The
innermost
layer
of
the
Earth
is
the
Earth’s
core.
The
Earth
has
an
inner
and
outer
core.
The
inner
core
is
in
the
middle
and
is
packed
tightly
so
it
is
mostly
solid.
The
outer
core
of
the
Earth
made
up
of
very
hot,
dense
(thick)
liquid.
The
layer
under
the
Earth’s
crust,
the
mantle,
is
made
up
of
igneous
and
metamorphic
rocks.
We
live
on
the
outer
layer
of
the
Earth
called
the
Earth’s
crust.
Images
courtesy
of
USGS,
NPS,
USFWS.
The
Earth’s
surface
changes
constantly
because
of
wind,
water,
temperature
changes,
and
living
things.
Landforms
change
constantly
due
to
weathering
which
is
the
process
of
rocks
breaking
into
smaller
pieces.
There
are
two
types
of
weathering
-
physical
and
chemical.
Physical
weathering
only
changes
the
size
of
the
rock.
Chemical
weathering
not
only
changes
the
size
of
rocks
but
also
causes
them
to
change
into
different
materials.
The
movement
of
land
that
has
been
weathered
is
called
erosion.
Erosion
is
caused
by
water,
wind,
gravity,
and
glaciers.
Deposition
is
the
laying
down
of
pieces
of
Earth’s
surface.
Over
time,
whole
landscapes
can
be
changed
by
erosion
and
deposition.
Earthquakes
also
cause
rapid
changes
to
the
Earth’s
surface.
An
earthquake
is
a
sudden
shift
in
the
Earth’s
crust
that
causes
the
ground
to
shake
and
vibrate
violently.
They
most
often
occur
near
faults
which
are
large
breaks
or
cracks
in
the
Earth’s
crust.
Some
things
that
occur
in
nature,
such
as
volcanoes,
cause
rapid
changes
to
the
Earth’s
surface.
An
active
volcano
is
a
volcano
that
erupts
often
or
show
signs
of
future
eruptions.
Dormant
volcanoes
are
volcanoes
that
have
not
erupted
for
a
long
time
and
do
not
show
signs
of
erupting
in
the
future.
Earth’s
surface
has
many
shapes
and
features,
known
as
landforms;
which
include
many
different
solid
features
naturally
formed
on
top
of
the
Earth’s
crust
and
bodies
of
water.
A
seismic
wave
is
a
wave
that
travels
through
the
Earth,
most
often
as
the
result
of
an
earthquake.
Changing
Earth’s
Surface
Weathering
-
physical
& chemical
Erosion
Deposition
Landslides
Volcanoes
Earthquakes
•
•
•
•
•
•
seismic
waves
focus
fault
erosion
deposition
Mt.
Rainier
is
a
dormant
volcano.
mountain
lake
valley
crust
inner
core
mantle
outer
core
Gneiss
and
marble
are
metamorphic
rocks
found
in
the
Earth’s
mantle.
Obsidian
is
an
example
of
igneous
rock
found
there
also.
marble
gneiss
obsidian
© Copyright NewPath Learning.
All
Rights
Reserved.
94-4407
www.newpathlearning.com
Earth
-
Inside
& Out
What
are
the
three
main
layers
that
make
up
the
Earth?
___________________________________________________
Describe
landforms.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
How
do
landforms
form?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Images
courtesy
of
USGS,
NPS,
USFWS.
Describe
physical
weathering.
____________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Describe
chemical
weathering.
___________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
What
is
an
earthquake?
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
What
is
a
seismic
wave?
____________________________
____________________________
What
is
a
volcano?
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Key
Vocabulary
Terms
•
crust
•
lava
•
deposition
•
magma
•
dormant
•
mantle
•
earthquake
•
marble
•
erosion
•
obsidian
•
gneiss
•
outer
core
•
inner
core
•
seismic
wave
•
landform
•
volcano
•
landslides
•
weathering
Mt.
Rainier
is
a
__________
______________________.
\|xiBAHBDy01726kzU
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