Atoms and Chemical BondingVocabulary Review

Physical Science - Middle School

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Key Vocabulary Terms © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4845 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. H 2O CO 2 proton electron neutron atom the building blocks of all matter; atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons Cl- Na+ compound the chemical combination of two or more elements such as table salt, a compound of the elements sodium and chlorine covalent bond a chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons; covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar N 2 H 2 diatomic molecule a molecule consisting of two atoms of the same element that are bonded covalently; hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine and iodine are found as diatomic molecules electron the negatively charged particle of an atom found outside the nucleus in specific areas called orbitals; electrons are very small compared to protons and neutrons C O electron dot diagram a representation of the valence electrons in an atom; dots, representing the valence electrons, are placed around the symbol for the element ion an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge by gaining or losing electrons Cl Na + ionic bond a force of attraction between two oppositely charged ions; metals form ionic bonds with nonmetals Cl - Na+ ionic compound a compound consisting of ions that have bonded together; ionic compounds form crystals with high melting points + + + + + + + + + + + + + metallic bond an attraction between positive metal ions; valence electrons float freely over the metal ions HF +9+ –– –– molecule a neutral particle formed by atoms that bond covalently nonpolar covalent bond a covalent bond where electrons are shared equally; diatomic molecules form nonpolar covalent bonds + + polar covalent bond a covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally; water and carbon dioxide form polar covalent bonds valence shell the outermost shell of an atom; usually involved in the chemical combination of elements neutron proton electron
Key Vocabulary Terms © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4845 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Mapping a Term Define it! Use it in a sentence! Draw it! Provide examples! ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Term __________________________________________________________