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The Respiratory System
Life Science - Middle School
❮
1
/
2
❯
The
Respiratory
System
© C
opyright
NewPath
Learning.
All
Rights
Reserved.
94-4906
www.newpathlearning.com
The
respiratory
system
consists
of
the
airways,
the
lungs,
and
the
respiratory
muscles
that
assist
the
movement
of
air
into
and
out
of
the
body.
The
primary
function
of
the
respiratory
system
is
to
supply
the
blood
with
oxygen
and
to
remove
carbon
dioxide.
Structures
of
Respiration
The
air
starts
its
journey
to
the
lungs
through
one
of
the
two
nostrils
of
the
nose.
The
nasal
cavity
is
lined
with
cilia
and
mucus
that
trap
and
eliminate
particles.
Blood
vessels
in
the
nose
begin
to
warm
the
air
entering
the
body
while
the
mucus
moistens
the
air.
The
air
then
enters
the
throat
or
pharynx.
Once
through
the
pharynx,
the
air
enters
the
trachea.
The
trachea
is
the
airway
that
leads
from
the
pharynx
to
the
lungs
and
is
also
called
the
windpipe.
The
trachea
has
rings
of
cartilage
that
help
it
to
stay
open
and
are
lined
with
cilia
and
mucus
to
trap
invading
particles.
The
lungs
are
the
key
organs
of
the
respiratory
system.
The
left
bronchus
leads
into
the
left
lung
and
the
right
bronchus
leads
into
the
right
lung.
The
bronchi
branch
off
into
smaller
and
smaller
passageways.
At
the
very
end
of
each
branch
are
structures
called
alveoli.
Process
of
Gas
Exchange
When
air
enters
the
alveoli
in
the
lungs,
oxygen
passes
through
the
walls
of
the
alveoli
and
then
the
walls
of
the
capillaries
and
into
the
blood.
Carbon
dioxide
passes
from
the
blood,
through
the
capillary
walls
and
into
the
alveoli.
This
is
the
process
of
gas
exchange.
The
alveoli
are
small
sacs
within
the
lungs
that
specialize
in
the
exchange
of
gas
between
the
blood
and
air.
The
Mechanics
of
Breathing
The
diaphragm
plays
an
important
role
in
the
breathing
process.
When
a
person
inhales,
the
rib
muscles
contract
which
cause
the
chest
to
move
up
and
out.
At
the
same
time,
the
diaphragm
also
contracts
moving
downward.
This
action
allows
the
lungs
to
expand
and
take
in
air.
When
a
person
exhales,
the
diaphragm
and
rib
muscles
relax.
This
decreases
the
size
of
the
chest
and
lungs
and
forces
the
air
to
exit
the
lungs.
diaphram
exhale
inhale
CO2
out
O2
in
alveoli
wall
sinuses
trachea
larynx
lung
bronchus
diaphram
pharynx
RBC
carbon
dioxide
wall
of
alveoli
capillary
nose
alveoli
oxygen
bronchioles
The
Respiratory
System
© C
opyright
NewPath
Learning.
All
Rights
Reserved.
94-4906
www.newpathlearning.com
•
alveoli
•
larynx
•
bronchioles
•
lungs
•
bronchus
•
mucus
•
capillary
•
nasal
cavity
•
carbon
dioxide
•
nose
•
cilia
•
oxygen
•
diaphram
•
pharynx
•
exhale
•
sinuses
•
inhale
•
trachea
Key
Vocabulary
Terms
What
is
the
primary
function
of
the
respiratory
system?
__________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Structures
of
Respiration
Describe
the
major
structures
of
respiration:
Lungs
____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Trachea
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Bronchi
___________________________________________________
_____________________________
Alveoli
________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
Process
of
Gas
Exchange
Describe
the
process
of
gas
exchange.
___________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
The
Mechanics
of
Breathing
Describe
the
mechanics
of
breathing.
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
\|xiBAHBDy01785rzu
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