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The Circulatory System
Life Science - Middle School
❮
1
/
2
❯
The
Circulatory
System
© C
opyright
NewPath
Learning.
All
Rights
Reserved.
94-4904
www.newpathlearning.com
The
circulatory
system
is
made
up
of
the
heart,
blood
vessels,
and
blood.
The
circulatory
system
moves
nutrients,
gases
and
wastes
to
and
from
of
the
cells
by
the
pumping
action
of
the
heart.
It
also
helps
to
fi
ght
disease
and
infections
and
helps
to
maintain
a
constant
body
temperature.
The
Heart
The
most
important
structure
of
the
circulatory
system
is
the
heart.
The
heart
is
a
hollow
muscle
made
of
cardiac
muscle
that
pumps
blood
to
all
the
cells
in
the
body.
It
lies
underneath
the
breastbone
and
is
protected
by
the
rib
cage.
There
are
two
loops
in
the
circulatory
system.
The
blood
fl
ows
from
the
heart
to
the
lungs
and
back
to
the
heart
in
the
fi
rst
loop.
The
blood
fl
ows
from
the
heart,
out
to
the
body,
and
back
to
the
heart
in
the
second
loop.
Blood
takes
less
than
a
minute
to
travel
through
both
loops.
During
the
fi
rst
loop,
the
blood
leaves
the
right
atrium,
then
is
pumped
out
of
the
right
ventricle
to
the
lungs.
This
is
where
blood
picks
up
oxygen
and
drops
off
carbon
dioxide
and
other
wastes.
The
blood
then
returns
to
the
heart.
During
the
second
loop,
the
blood
leaves
the
left
atrium,
then
is
pumped
out
of
the
left
ventricle
through
the
aorta,
to
all
of
the
cells
in
the
body.
The
blood
drops
off
oxygen
to
the
cells
and
picks
up
carbon
dioxide
and
other
wastes.
Blood
Vessels
The
arteries
are
blood
vessels
that
move
blood
away
from
the
heart
and
on
to
the
rest
of
the
body.
Capillaries
are
small
blood
vessels
that
connect
the
arteries
to
the
veins
and
are
where
substances
are
exchanged.
The
veins
are
blood
vessels
that
carry
blood
loaded
with
wastes
back
to
the
heart.
A
B
AB
O
Blood
Groups
The
main
blood
groups
are
A,
AB,
B,
and
O.
The
blood
type
of
a
person
is
determined
by
the
presence
or
absence
of
antigens
(markers)
found
on
the
surface
of
red
blood
cells.
The
markers
also
determine
the
type
of
blood
you
can
safely
receive
in
a
blood
transfusion.
What
is
blood
made
of?
If
you
were
to
place
whole
blood
into
a
test
tube
and
spin
it,
it
would
separate
into
three
layers.
The
top
layer
would
be
the
liquid
part
of
the
blood
called
plasma.
The
second
layer
would
consist
of
white
blood
cells
and
platelets
and
the
last
layer
would
be
the
red
blood
cells.
Plasma
is
made
mostly
of
water
and
contains
dissolved
nutrients,
vitamins,
minerals
and
carries
wastes
from
the
cells.
plasma
white
blood
cells
platelets
red
blood
cells
whole
blood
white
blood
cells
red
blood
cells
platelets
The
Lymphatic
System
Blood
will
occasionally
leak
out
through
the
walls
of
the
blood
vessels.
The
liquid
is
brought
back
to
the
bloodstream
by
a
network
of
vein-like
vessels
called
the
lymphatic
system.
Once
the
fl
uid
is
within
the
lymphatic
system
it
is
called
lymph.
Lymph
is
put
back
into
the
veins
through
lymphatic
vessels.
As
the
liquid
passes
through
the
lymphatic
system,
it
enters
structures
called
lymph
nodes.
Red
blood
cells
are
made
of
a
protein
that
binds
together
with
oxygen
molecules
called
hemoglobin.
White
blood
cells
are
the
disease
fi
ghters
of
the
body.
Platelets
are
fragments
of
cells
that
are
critical
to
forming
blood
clots
to
prevent
bleeding.
lymph
node
1st
loop
lungs
body
organs
body
trunk
and
limbs
2nd
loop
aorta
left
atrium
left
ventricle
right
right
atrium
atrium
right
ventricle
pulmonary
artery
artery
vein
capillaries
valves
lymph
vessels
lymph
vessels
Veins
have
valves
which
allow
the
blood
to
fl
ow
in
one
direction
and
prevent
it
from
fl
owing
backwards.
antigens
mitral
valve
tricuspid
valve
The
Circulatory
System
© C
opyright
NewPath
Learning.
All
Rights
Reserved.
94-4904
www.newpathlearning.com
\xiBAHBDy01778tz]
1st
loop
2nd
loop
What
is
the
function
of
the
circulatory
system
?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Describe
the
blood
flow
in
the
circulatory
system.
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
The
Heart
What
is
the
function
of
the
heart
?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
Blood
Vessels
Arteries
are
___________________________.
Capillaries
are
_________________________.
Veins
are
______________________________.
The
Lymphatic
System
What
is
the
function
of
the
lymphatic
system
?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
What
is
blood
made
of?
Whole
blood
is
made
up
of
____________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________.
Describe
the
following:
Red
blood
cells
__________________________
White
blood
cells
________________________
Platelets
_______________________________
A
B
AB
O
Blood
Groups
What
are
the
four
main
blood
groups?
•
aorta
•
mitral
valve
•
antigen
•
plasma
•
artery
•
platelet
•
blood
•
red
blood
cell
•
capillary
•
right
atrium
•
heart
•
right
ventricle
•
left
atrium
•
tricuspid
valve
•
left
ventricle
•
valve
•
lymph
node
•
vein
•
lymph
vessel
•
white
blood
cell
Key
Vocabulary
Terms
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