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Bones, Muscles & Skin
Life Science - Middle School
❮
1
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2
❯
Bones,
Muscles
and
Skin
© C
opyright
NewPath
Learning.
All
Rights
Reserved.
94-4901
www.newpathlearning.com
hair
nerve
sweat
gland
oil
gland
hair
follicle
muscle
blood
vessels
fat
dermis
epidermis
The
Skeletal
System
There
are
fi
ve
major
functions
of
the
skeletal
system:
1.
Enables
you
to
move
around
2.
Protects
internal
organs
3.
Provides
support
and
determines
the
shape
of
your
body
4.
Stores
materials
5.
Produces
blood
cells
The
structure
of
a
bone
consists
of
an
outer
layer
of
hard
connective
tissue.
Beneath
the
outer
layer
is
the
compact
bone
tissue
followed
by
the
spongy
bone
tissue.
The
spongy
bone
tissue
gives
the
bone
its
lightweight
and
provides
strength.
The
spaces
within
the
bone
are
fi
lled
with
marrow,
a
soft
connective
tissue
within
bones.
The
two
types
of
marrow
are
yellow
and
red.
The
yellow
marrow
stores
fat
and
other
materials
to
use
for
energy
when
necessary.
The
red
marrow
produces
blood
cells
for
the
body.
Cartilage
is
a
connective
tissue
that
is
fl
exible
and
strong,
but
softer
than
bone.
Cartilage
covers
the
ends
of
many
bones
and
acts
like
a
cushion,
protecting
the
bones
from
being
damaged.
The
Muscular
System
Muscles
that
you
are
able
to
control
are
called
voluntary
muscles.
Muscles
that
you
are
not
able
to
control
are
called
involuntary
muscles.
Types
of
muscles
There
are
three
types
of
muscle
tissue
in
the
human
body:
skeletal
muscle,
smooth
muscle
and
cardiac
muscle.
Skeletal
muscles
are
voluntary
muscles
that
are
attached
to
the
bones
of
your
skeleton.
These
muscles
provide
you
with
the
ability
to
move.
At
each
end
of
a
muscle
is
a
strong
connective
tissue
that
attaches
your
muscles
to
bones
called
a
tendon.
Smooth
muscles
are
involuntary
muscles
that
are
on
the
insides
of
internal
organs.
These
muscles
work
automatically
to
control
many
functions
of
the
body.
Cardiac
muscle
has
characteristics
in
common
with
both
skeletal
and
smooth
muscles.
The
Skin
The
skin
covers
the
body,
prevents
water
loss,
gathers
information
from
the
environment,
eliminates
waste,
protects
the
body
from
injury
and
infection,
produces
vitamin
D,
and
regulates
the
body’s
temperature.
There
are
two
main
layers
of
the
skin:
the
dermis
and
the
epidermis.
The
dermis
is
the
inner
layer
of
skin,
just
above
a
layer
of
fat,
which
contains
nerves,
blood
vessels,
hairs,
oil
glands,
and
sweat
glands.
The
epidermis
is
the
outermost
layer
of
skin
that
is
thinner
than
the
dermis
and
does
not
contain
blood
vessels
or
nerve
cells.
hinge
Types
of
joints
Every
place
in
your
body
where
two
bones
come
together
is
called
a
joint.
The
body
has
four
kinds
of
movable
joints
—
ball
and
socket,
hinge,
pivot,
and
gliding
joints.
Immovable
joints
are
joints
between
bones
that
do
not
allow
movement.
Examples
of
immovable
joints
are
the
joints
between
the
bones
of
the
skull.
gliding
ball
& sock
et
pivot
spongy
bone
compact
bone
connective
tissue
cartilage
ligaments
cardiac
muscle
skeletal
muscle
smooth
muscle
tendon
\|xiBAHBDy01776pzY
Bones,
Muscles
and
Skin
© C
opyright
NewPath
Learning.
All
Rights
Reserved.
94-4901
www.newpathlearning.com
The
Skeletal
System
What
are
the
fi
ve
major
functions
of
the
skeletal
system?
1.
_____________________________________________________
2.
_____________________________________________________
3.
_____________________________________________________
4.
_____________________________________________________
5.
_____________________________________________________
The
Muscular
System
What
are
voluntary
muscles?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
What
are
involuntary
muscles?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Types
of
muscles
Describe
the
3
types
of
muscles;
Skeletal
________________________________________________
Smooth
________________________________________________
Cardiac
________________________________________________
The
Skin
What
is
the
function
of
the
skin?
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Types
of
joints
What
is
the
difference
between
movable
and
immovable
joints?
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
What
is
cartilage?
_____________
____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
Key
Vocabulary
Terms
•
ball
&
socket
•
gliding
joint
•
skeletal
muscle
•
cardiac
muscle
•
hair
follicle
•
smooth
muscle
•
cartilage
•
hinge
joint
•
spongy
bone
•
compact
bone
•
involuntary
•
sweat
gland
•
connective
tissue
•
ligament
•
dermis
•
marrow
•
epidermis
•
pivot
joint
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