All About Cells Flip Chart Set

Life Science - Middle School

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\|xiFFIFGy00507lz[ Copyright © NewPath Learning. All rights reserved. www.newpathlearning.com 34-6721 Charts Charts CELLS CELLS Sturdy, Free-Standing Design, Perfect for Learning Centers! Reverse Side Features Questions, Labeling Exercises, Vocabulary Review & more!
Phone: 800-507-0966 Fax: 800-507-0967 www.newpathlearning.com NewPath Learning® products are developed by teachers using research-based principles and are classroom tested. The company’s product line consists of an array of proprietary curriculum review games, workbooks, posters and other print materials. All products are supplemented with web-based activities, assessments and content to provide an engaging means of educating students on key, curriculum-based topics correlated to applicable state and national education standards. Copyright © 2014 NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Curriculum Mastery® and NewPath Learning® are registered trademarks of NewPath Learning LLC. Science Curriculum Mastery® Flip Charts provide comprehensive coverage of key standards-based curriculum in an illustrated format that is visually appealing, engaging and easy to use. Curriculum Mastery® Flip Charts can be used with the entire classroom, with small groups or by students working independently. Each Curriculum Mastery® Flip Chart Set features 10 double-sided laminated charts covering grade-level specific curriculum content on one side plus write-on/wipe-off charts on reverse side for student use or for small-group instruction. Built-in sturdy free-standing easel for easy display Spiral bound for ease of use Student Activity Guide Ideal for Learning centers In class instruction for interactive presentations and demonstrations Hands-on student use Stand alone reference for review of key science concepts Teaching resource to supplement any program HOW TO USE Classroom Use Each Curriculum Mastery® Flip Chart can be used to graphically introduce or review a topic of interest. Side 1 of each Flip Chart provides graphical representation of key concepts in a concise, grade appropriate reading level for instructing students. The reverse Side 2 of each Flip Chart allows teachers or students to summarize key concepts and assess their understanding. Note: Be sure to use an appropriate dry-erase marker and to test it on a small section of the chart prior to using it. The Activity Guide included provides a black-line master of each Flip Chart which students can use to fill in before, during, or after instruction. While the activities in the guide can be used in conjunction with the Flip Charts, they can also be used individually for review or as a form of assessment or in conjunction with any other related assignment. Learning Centers Each Flip Chart provides students with a quick illustrated view of science curriculum concepts. Students may use these Flip Charts in small group settings along with the corresponding activity pages contained in the guide to learn or review concepts already covered in class. Students may also use these charts as reference while playing the NewPath’s Curriculum Mastery® Games. Independent student use Students can use the hands-on Flip Charts to practice and learn independently by first studying Side 1 of the chart and then using Side 2 of the chart or the corresponding graphical activities contained in the Activity Guide. Reference/Teaching resource Curriculum Mastery® Charts are a great visual supplement to any curriculum or they can be used in conjunction with NewPath’s Curriculum Mastery® Games. Chart # 1: Chart # 2: Chart # 3: Chart # 4: Chart # 5: Chart # 6: Chart # 7: Chart # 8: Chart # 9: Chart #10: Discovering Cells Animal Cell Organelles Plant Cell Organelles Cell Energy Photosynthesis Comparing Plant & Animal Cells Organization of Cells Specialized Cells Single-Cell Organisms Vocabulary
Discovering Cells © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4723 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. What Is a Cell? The cell is the basic building block of all living organisms. It is the smallest unit of an organism that can carry out the functions of life. amoeba bacteria plant cells (onion) Robert Hooke Robert Hooke was one of the first people to observe cells using his own compound microscope in 1663. Cork Cells To Hooke, a very thin slice of cork under the microscope appeared to be made up of little empty boxes, which he named cells. Image drawn by Hooke, 1665
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4723 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Pause and Review Look at plant cells and animal cells under a microscope. Draw each under low, medium and high power. Don’t forget to label your drawings. Discovering Cells Plant Cells Animal Cells
Animal Cell Organelles © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4724 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. The structures within the cell are known as organelles which carry out specific functions. Endoplasmic reticulum is a transport system of tubes and channels connecting organelles within the cell. The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It houses the nucleolus and genetic material (chromatin) used for directing cell functions. The nuclear envelope is a membrane which surrounds and protects the nucleus. Nuclear pores allow materials to pass in and out of the nucleus. Ribosomes are factories that produce proteins needed by the cell. The nucleolus produces ribosomes. Cytoplasm is a gel-like substance containing the organelles. Lysosomes contain chemicals (enzymes) that break down and recycle harmful materials. Mitochondrion is a rod-like structure that converts the energy in food molecules to a form that the cell can use. Golgi bodies direct different materials made in the cell to where they need to go. The cell membrane is the outer protective layer of all animal cells. It consists of two layers composed of proteins and lipids. A cell membrane is known as a semipermeable membrane since it only allows certain substances to move into and out of the cell. chromatin carbohydrate lipid bilayer protein
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4724 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Pause and Review Identify and describe each organelle of an animal cell. Animal Cell Organelles ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________
Plant Cell Organelles © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4725 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Plant cells have many of the same organelles as animal cells. They serve the same functions in plant cells. Plant cells also have specialized organelles that allow them to convert the Sun’s energy into food. Endoplasmic reticulum is a transport system of tubes and channels connecting organelles in the cell. The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It houses the nucleolus and the genetic material (chromatin). The nuclear envelope is a membrane which surrounds and protects the nucleus. Nucleolus is the site where ribosomes are made. Nuclear pores allow materials to pass in and out of the nucleus. Ribosomes are factories that produce proteins needed by the cell. Cytoplasm is a gel-like substance containing the organelles. Mitochondrion is a rod-like structure that converts the energy in food molecules to a form that the cell can use. Golgi bodies direct different materials made in the cell where they need to go. The cell wall is a rigid outer layer of plant cells that provides support. The cell membrane is the layer inside the cell wall of plants that regulates which substances enter and leave the cell. Vacuoles are sacs that contain water and store nutrients and waste products. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll which captures energy from the Sun and uses it to produce food for the plant in a process known as photosynthesis. chromatin
Pause and Review Identify and describe each organelle of a plant cell. Plant Cell Organelles © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4725 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________
Cell Energy Every cell in an organism needs energy to survive. The Sun is the source of energy for most living organisms, either directly or indirectly. Plants use the Sun’s energy to make their own food. Other organisms eat plants to obtain energy. We obtain energy through the food we eat. energy Cellular Respiration Equation Cellular respiration can be summarized in a simple chemical equation. Glucose and oxygen are broken down to carbon dioxide and water, and energy is produced. C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy glucose oxygen water carbon dioxide glucose mitochondrion Animals eat glucose-rich foods Plants store and use glucose Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is a process by which cells break down glucose to release stored energy. This process takes place in the mitochrondria and cytoplasm. Both autotrophs and heterotrophs use cellular respiration to obtain energy from stored sugar molecules. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4726 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.
Pause and Review Complete the equation for cellular respiration. Cell Energy © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4726 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy glucose oxygen water carbon dioxide Think about the cell as if it was your body. How does a human body gain energy? What does the body take in, and then what does it give out? Use the following terms: glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and energy . Explain how your body can be like a cell during cellular respiration. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Photosynthesis © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4727 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis primarily occurs in plant leaves. The entire process takes place in the chloroplast. Inside each chloroplast there are green pigment molecules called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the Sun. This pigment gives plants their green color. Plants also need water and carbon dioxide to carry out the process of photosynthesis. Oxygen and food in the form of sugar are produced. Chemical Equation for Photosynthesis Photosynthesis can be summarized in this simple chemical equation: carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen, with the use of the Sun’s light energy. The glucose (sugar) that is produced is used as plant food, converted to more complex compounds like cellulose, or stored for future use. chloroplast granum stroma 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2 oxygen glucose water light energy chlorophyll carbon dioxide water carbon dioxide stomata energy oxygen light energy glucose chloroplast 1 2 Chloroplasts capture light energy. Water enters the leaf. water Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through tiny pores in the leaf called stomata. Using the captured light energy, glucose and oxygen are produced inside the chloroplasts through a complex series of chemical reactions. 3 4
Photosynthesis © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4727 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Pause and Review What are some similarities and differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Fill in the Venn diagram below with your answers. Photosynthesis Respiration
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4734 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Comparing Plant & Animal Cells energy The structures within the cell are known as organelles which carry out specific functions. Plant cells have many of the same organelles as animal cells and they serve the same functions. Plant Cells Plant Cell Animal Cells Animal Cell We can also distinguish plant cells from animal cells by their shape. Plant cells are primarily box shaped, whereas animals have more of an organic sphere shape. Plant cells also have specialized organelles (chloroplasts) that allow them to convert the Sun’s energy into food. chloroplast nucleus nucleus cell membrane golgi bodies endoplasmic reticulum endoplasmic reticulum mitochondrion light energy oxygen glucose water carbon dioxide mitochondrion cell membrane cell wall
Pause and Review Complete the Venn diagram comparing plant and animal cell characteristics. Animal Cells Both Plant Cells © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4734 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Comparing Plant & Animal Cells
Organization of Cells © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4729 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Some cells are single, self-sustaining organisms, such as amoebas and bacteria. Other cells are part of multicellular organisms and cannot survive alone. Cell Tissues In multicellular organisms, cells depend on each other and are organized into tissues that perform a specific job. Organs & Or gan Systems These tissues are further organized into organs and organ systems that work together to keep an organism alive. food vacuole nucleus cytoplasm pseudopod food contractile vacuole cell membrane muscle cell amoeba paramecia bacteria muscle tissue organ (heart) circulatory system One-Celled Organism - Amoeba A one-celled organism, such as an amoeba, is able to perform all of its life functions by itself. To consume food, the amoeba surrounds the material with its flexible membrane, forming a food vacuole around it. The amoeba then pulls the food into the cell for digestion.
Pause and Review Draw and describe how a single-celled organism, such as an amoeba, consumes food for energy. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Organization of Cells © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4729 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Label the diagram.
Specialized Cells © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4730 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Cell Types The human body consists of trillions of cells, including some 200 different cell types that vary greatly in size, shape and function. Cell Size Sperm cells are the tiniest human cells, a few micrometers wide (1/12,000th of an inch); whereas the longest cells, the neurons that run from the tip of the big toe to the spinal cord, can be as long as several feet in an average adult! sperm neuron intestine cells blood cells lung cells bone cells heart muscle cells nerve cells
Pause and Review Research and sketch different types of cells in the human body. Describe their functions. Specialized Cells ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4730 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources.
Single-Cell Organisms © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4731 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. DNA ribosomes cell membrane cell wall flagellum cytoplasm pilli Single-cell (unicellular) organisms are the most abundant creatures on Earth. They live in ponds, in our food, and even in our bodies. Bacteria is a large part of this category of organisms. Bacteria Bacteria are simple unicellular organisms that can be found in nearly every environment on Earth. All bacteria are prokaryotic—they do not have a true nucleus or organelles with membranes. Bacteria are divided into two kingdoms— archaebacteria and eubacteria. Archaebacteria can make their own food and live in harsh conditions such as in very salty water or in very hot, acid springs. Protists Protists are eukaryotic organisms that have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Most protists are unicellular and live in water. Plant-like protists, called algae, contain chloroplasts and make their own food by the process of photosynthesis. Euglena is a unicellular algae. Animal-like protists are known as protozoa. They are single-celled organisms that move to find food. Amoeba and paramecium are classified as protozoa. deep ocean vent Eubacteria - rods & spheres Eubacteria have various shapes which range from spheres to rods and spirals. They are more common than archaebacteria and are found in soil, water and our bodies. While some eubacteria cause disease, there are many types that are beneficial to humans. Healthy bacteria live in our digestive system and help us with digestion and the production of certain vitamins. nucleus flagellum chloroplasts nucleus Amoeba Euglena Paramecium nucleus oral groove pseudopod (for movement) cilia (for movement) food vacuole food food vacuole
Pause and Review Label the bacteria with the following structures: pilli, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA, flagellum, cell membrane and cell wall Single-Cell Organisms © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4731 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Label the paramecium with the following structures: cilia, cytoplasm, nucleus, food vacuole, cell membrane and oral groove
Key Vocabulary Terms © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4732 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. cell membrane the layer inside the cell wall of plants which controls what substances enter and leave the cell; the outer protective layer of all animal cells cell wall the rigid outer layer of plant cells that provides support chloroplast an organelle that captures energy from the sun and converts it into food chromatin material in the cell’s nucleus that contains DNA and carries genetic information for directing cell functions cytoplasm a jelly-like substance found inside a cell that supports and protects the organelles of a cell endoplasmic reticulum a transport system of tubes and channels connecting organelles in the cell Golgi body an organelle that directs different materials made in the cell to where they need to go lysosomes cell organelles that contain chemicals (enzymes) to break down food and recycle waste materials mitochondrion a rod-like organelle that produces most of the energy that is used by a cell nuclear pores tiny openings that allow materials to pass in and out of the nucleus nucleolus a organelle that produces ribosomes nucleus contains the genetic material (DNA) and serves as the control center of the cell ribosomes the organelles that produce proteins needed by the cell vacuole sacs that contain water and store nutrients and waste products
Key Vocabulary Terms © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4732 Visit www.newpathlearning.com for Online Learning Resources. Mapping a Term Define it! Use it in a sentence! Draw it! Provide examples! ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Term __________________________________________________________