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The Sun
Earth Science - Middle School
❮
1
/
2
❯
The
Sun
Photos
courtesy
of
NASA.
Structure
of
the
Sun
The
Sun
is
a
massive
burning
ball
of
gases
held
together
by
gravity.
It
is
primarily
composed
of
helium
and
hydrogen
gases.
The
Sun
has
three
main
layers—the
core,
the
radiative
zone
and
the
convective
zone.
The
Sun’s
atmosphere
is
made
up
of
the
photosphere,
chromosphere
and
corona.
Sunspots
are
cooler,
darker
areas
of
gas
on
the
Sun’s
surface.
Solar
Flares
Solar
flares
are
enormous
areas
of
extreme
temperature
on
the
Sun’s
surface,
caused
by
magnetic
fields.
They
typically
occur
near
sunspots.
The
Photosphere
The
photosphere
is
the
inner
layer
of
the
Sun’s
atmosphere.
This
gaseous
layer
is
thick
enough
to
be
visible.
When
we
look
at
the
Sun,
we
are
seeing
the
photosphere.
The
Chromosphere
Just
beyond
the
photosphere
is
a
thin
layer
called
the
chromosphere,
which
has
a
reddish
color.
The
chromosphere
can
be
seen
during
a
total
solar
eclipse
when
the
Moon
covers
the
Sun.
The
Sun’s
Corona
The
outer
atmosphere
of
the
Sun
is
called
the
corona.
It
is
composed
of
gases
and
extends
for
millions
of
kilometers
beyond
the
Sun.
The
corona
can
only
be
seen
during
a
total
solar
eclipse.
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4579
Visit
www.newpathlearning.com
for
Online
Learning
Resources.
The
Core
& Nuclear Fusion
The
core
at
the
center
of
the
Sun
produces
the
Sun’s
heat.
This
energy
is
produced
by
hydrogen
nuclear
fusion
reactions.
The
Radiative
Zone
Energy
produced
in
the
Sun’s
core
is
carried
to
the
Sun’s
surface
in
the
form
of
light
energy
called
photons.
This
energy
moves
from
the
core
into
a
very
dense
radiative
zone.
The
Convective
Zone
The
outer
layer
of
the
Sun
is
called
the
convective
zone.
Hot
gases
in
this
layer
rise
toward
the
surface,
where
they
become
cooler
and
denser.
The
gases
then
descend
back
into
the
Sun.
This
circulating
movement
is
called
convection,
and
is
similar
to
currents
in
the
Earth’s
mantle.
core
solar
eclipse
corona
chromosphere
convection
currents
photosphere
chromosphere
flare
Pause
and
Review
Label
the
structures
of
the
Sun.
The
Sun
Describe
each
structure.
1.
_______________________________________________________________________
2.
_______________________________________________________________________
3.
_______________________________________________________________________
4.
_______________________________________________________________________
5.
_______________________________________________________________________
6.
_______________________________________________________________________
© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4579
Visit
www.newpathlearning.com
for
Online
Learning
Resources.
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