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Structure & Function of Plants

Life Science - Middle School

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5 4 1 8 6 2 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 3 7 Because plants make their own energy using sunlight, water and photosynthesis, they are the base of Earth’s food web supplying energy for all other life. Their energy is passed on to any living thing that eats them, including us. Each part of a plant has its own job to do. A plant’s leaves (1) collect sunlight and perform photosynthesis. Little openings in the leaves, called stomata, collect carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen. Tiny veins in the leaves spread the nutrients throughout the leaf and down into the stem leading to the rest of the plant. The stem (2) helps support the weight of the plant and all its leaves. Water and minerals are brought up from the roots (3) through the stem, while nutrients made by photosynthesis in the leaves are sent down and all around the plant. The roots also anchor the plant in the ground. Plants make flowers (4) as part of reproduction. Their scent and showy petals attract pollinators like birds and insects who will spread pollen to fertilize them. After a flower is pollinated, the ovules inside are fertilized and grow into seeds (5). The ovary that surrounded the ovules grows into a protective, fleshy fruit (6). In nature, when an animal eats a wild fruit, it often is helping to spread its seeds. If dropped on the ground where it can get water and sunlight, a seed may grow into a new plant. Do you know which parts of plants you eat every day – the leaves, flowers, roots, stems, fruits, seeds? Use the chart below to discover from which parts of the plant your favorite foods come from. Keep in mind that the sauce on pizza comes from the fruit of a plant, the tomato. asparagus (1) beans (2) carrots (3) cauliflower (4) corn (5) peas (6) hot peppers (7) lettuce (8) potatoes (9) red pepper (10) scallions (11) tomatoes (12) zucchini (13) mushrooms (14) not a plant at all! (1) leaf (2) stem (3) roots (4) flower (5) seeds (6) fruit Food Parts of the Plant Structure & Function of Plants 4 1 3 5 6 2

4 1 3 5 6 2 5 4 1 8 6 2 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 3 7 Each part of a plant has its own job to do. A plant’s ______________________ (1) collect sunlight and perform photosynthesis. Little openings in the leaves, called _____________________, collect carbon dioxide from the air and release oxygen. The ______________________ (2) helps support the weight of the plant and all its leaves. Water and minerals are brought up from the __________________________ (3) through the stem, while nutrients made by photosynthesis in the leaves are sent down and all around the plant. The roots also anchor the plant in the ground. Plants make ________________________________(4) as part of reproduction. Their scent and showy petals attract pollinators like birds and insects who will spread pollen to fertilize them. After a flower is pollinated, the ovules inside are fertilized and grow into __________________________ (5). The ovary that surrounded the ovules grows into a protective, fleshy _______________________ (6). In nature, when an animal eats a wild fruit, it often is helping to spread its seeds. If dropped on the ground where it can get water and sunlight, each seed may grow into a new plant. ________________ (1) ________________ (2) ________________ (3) ________________ (4) ________________ (5) ________________ (6) ________________ (7) ________________ (8) ________________ (9) ________________ (10) ________________ (11) ________________ (12) ________________ (13) mushrooms (14) not a plant at all! (1) ______________________ (2) ______________________ (3) ______________________ (4) ______________________ (5) ______________________ (6) ______________________ Structure & Function of Plants Food Parts of the Plant 94-4045

Structure & Function of Plants

Life Science - Middle School

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