The Reproductive System

Life Science - Middle School

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The Reproductive System © C opyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4910 www.newpathlearning.com The male reproductive system produces sperm cells and the hormone testosterone. The structures within the scrotum, a pouch of external skin, are called the testes. The testes produce sperm cells and testosterone. Testosterone is a hormone that controls the physical characteristics of a male. The female reproductive system produces eggs and provides nourishment for the developing offspring until birth if an egg is fertilized. The organs of the female reproductive system include the vagina, uterus, and ovaries. Sexual reproduction involves the production of an egg by a female and sperm cells by a male. The sperm and egg unite in a process called fertilization. A fertilized egg, or a zygote, develops into an embryo and then into a fetus. The embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus. A membrane surrounds the embryo and develops into a sac that is uid-fi lled called an amniotic sac. Another membrane called the placenta forms which links the mother to the developing embryo. The umbilical cord forms between the fetus and the placenta which contains blood vessels linking the fetus to the mother. The blood of the mother and of the offspring remains separate but ow next to each other in capillaries. Nutrients and oxygen diffuse across the capillaries supplying the embryo with those materials. Wastes are brought out in the opposite manner. A baby is born approximately nine months after fertilization takes place. ovary egg uterus vagina fallopian tubes cervix estrogen molecule testosterone molecule bladder tube testis prostate urethra bladder urethra testis rectum prostate vagina uterus cervix vagina fallopian tubes ovary fertilized egg sperm fetus 6 week old embryo umbilical cord bladder uterus penis Two ovaries are located on each side of the body. Ovaries produce the hormone estrogen and during each menstrual cycle, an egg is released. Estrogen controls the physical characteristics of a female. ruptured follicle The Male Reproductive System Sexual Reproduction and Human Development The Female Reproductive System amniotic sac placenta 1 2 3 4 Step 1 - Fertilization takes place. Step 2 - The fertilized egg, or zygote, travels down the fallopian tube to the uterus. Step 3 - Embryo attaches to the wall of the uterus. Step 4 - Embryo develops. After week 9 the embryo is called a fetus.
The Reproductive System © C opyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4910 www.newpathlearning.com Sexual Reproduction and Human Development The Male Reproductive System The Female Reproductive System What is sexual reproduction? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Describe the process of human development. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ What does the female reproductive system produce? __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ amniotic sac placenta bladder prostate cervix sperm egg testis embryo testosterone estrogen tube egg umbilical cord fallopian tubes urethra fertilization uterus fetus vagina ovary zygote penis Key Vocabulary Terms What does the male reproductive system produce? ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ \|xiBAHBDy01784kzU